Reports of Cases
2011 I-08625
Subject-matter
Reference for a preliminary ruling – Interpretation of Article 5(1)(a) and (2) of First Council Directive 89/104/EEC of 21 December 1988 to approximate the laws of the Member States relating to trade marks (OJ 1989 L 40, p. 1), Article 9(1)(a) and (c) of Council Regulation (EC) No 40/94 of 20 December 1993 on the Community trade mark (OJ 1994 L 11, p. 1) and Articles 12(1), 13(1) and 14(1) of Directive 2000/31/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 8 June 2000 on certain legal aspects of information society services, in particular electronic commerce, in the Internal Market (‘Directive on electronic commerce’) (OJ 2000 L 178, p. 1) – Meaning of ‘use’ of a mark – Registration by a trader with a service provider which operates an Internet search engine of a sign identical to a trade mark in order to have displayed automatically on the screen, following the entry of that sign as a search term, the URL of that trader’s website offering goods and services identical to those covered by the trade mark (‘AdWords’) – Flower delivery service
Systematic classification scheme
1.
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4 Internal policy of the European Union
4.11 Approximation of laws
4.11.09 Harmonised intellectual property rights
4.11.09.01 Trade marks
4.11.09.01.03 Effects of a mark
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4 Internal policy of the European Union
4.11 Approximation of laws
4.11.03 European Union trade mark
4.11.03.03 Other questions of substantive law
4.11.03.03.01 Effects of a mark
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4 Internal policy of the European Union
4.11 Approximation of laws
4.11.09 Harmonised intellectual property rights
4.11.09.01 Trade marks
4.11.09.01.03 Effects of a mark
|
|
|
4 Internal policy of the European Union
4.11 Approximation of laws
4.11.03 European Union trade mark
4.11.03.03 Other questions of substantive law
4.11.03.03.01 Effects of a mark
|
|
|
4 Internal policy of the European Union
4.11 Approximation of laws
4.11.09 Harmonised intellectual property rights
4.11.09.01 Trade marks
4.11.09.01.03 Effects of a mark
|
|
|
4 Internal policy of the European Union
4.11 Approximation of laws
4.11.03 European Union trade mark
4.11.03.03 Other questions of substantive law
4.11.03.03.01 Effects of a mark
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Citations of case-law or legislation
References in grounds of judgment
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TFEU, Article 252
-L2 : paragraphs 24, 25
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Directive 89/104
: paragraphs 3, 4
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Directive 89/104
-A05 : paragraphs 1, 7, 30 - 32
-
Directive 89/104
-A05P1 : paragraph 8
-
Directive 89/104
-A05P1LA : paragraphs 20, 33 - 66
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Directive 89/104
-A05P1LB : paragraph 36
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Directive 89/104
-A05P2 : paragraphs 20, 35, 68 - 95
-
Directive 89/104
-A05P3 : paragraph 8
-
Directive 89/104
-C10 : paragraphs 5, 36, 39
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Directive 89/104
-C7 : paragraph 6
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Court of Justice - Rules of Procedure (1991)
-A61 : paragraphs 22, 23
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Regulation 40/94
: paragraphs 3, 4
-
Regulation 40/94
-A09 : paragraphs 1, 30 - 32
-
Regulation 40/94
-A09P1LA : paragraphs 8, 20, 33 - 66
-
Regulation 40/94
-A09P1LB : paragraphs 8, 36
-
Regulation 40/94
-A09P1LC : paragraphs 8, 20, 35, 68 - 95
-
Regulation 40/94
-A09P2 : paragraph 8
-
Regulation 40/94
-C7 : paragraphs 36, 39
-
Directive 2008/95
: paragraphs 3, 4
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Regulation 207/2009
: paragraphs 3, 4
-
Court of Justice - Judgment C -292/00
: paragraph 68
-
Court of Justice - Judgment C -206/01
: paragraphs 37, 39
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Court of Justice - Judgment C -408/01
: paragraphs 68, 71
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Court of Justice - Judgment C -17/06
: paragraph 38
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Court of Justice - Judgment C -284/06
: paragraph 22
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Court of Justice - Judgment C -533/06
: paragraph 38
-
Court of Justice - Judgment C -487/07
: paragraphs 34, 38, 72 - 74, 89
-
Court of Justice - Judgment C -59/08
: paragraph 57
-
Court of Justice - Judgment C -236/08
: paragraphs 30, 34, 38, 42, 44 - 46, 54, 56, 58, 59, 68, 84, 90
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Court of Justice - Judgment C -278/08
: paragraphs 30, 31, 34, 54
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Court of Justice - Judgment C -558/08
: paragraphs 34, 44, 45
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Court of Justice - Order C -62/08
: paragraph 38
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Court of Justice - Opinion C -323/09
: paragraphs 47, 76, 86
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Court of Justice - Judgment C -221/09
: paragraphs 22, 24
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Court of Justice - Judgment C -229/09
: paragraph 24
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Court of Justice - Judgment C -324/09
: paragraph 63
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Court of Justice - Order C -91/09
: paragraph 31
Operative part
Opinion
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Directive 89/104
: point 37
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Directive 89/104
-A02 : point 77
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Directive 89/104
-A04P3 : point 13
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Directive 89/104
-A04P4 : points 13, 14
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Directive 89/104
-A04P4LA : point 65
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Directive 89/104
-A05 : points 13, 14, 33, 34
-
Directive 89/104
-A05P1 : points 34, 36, 39
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Directive 89/104
-A05P1LA : points 33 - 49, 56 - 64
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Directive 89/104
-A05P1LB : points 35, 59, 63, 64
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Directive 89/104
-A05P2 : points 33 - 107
-
Directive 89/104
-A05P3LD : point 42
-
Directive 89/104
-A05P5 : point 34
-
Directive 89/104
-A06 : point 42
-
Directive 89/104
-A06P1 : point 14
-
Directive 89/104
-A07 : point 42
-
Directive 89/104
-C1 : point 10
-
Directive 89/104
-C10 : points 12, 14, 61
-
Directive 89/104
-C9 : point 11
-
Regulation 40/94
-A08P5 : point 14
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Regulation 40/94
-A09 : points 14, 15
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Regulation 40/94
-A09P1LA : points 33 - 49, 56 - 64
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Regulation 40/94
-A09P1LC : points 33 - 107
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Regulation 40/94
-A12P1 : point 14
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Regulation 40/94
-C7 : point 14
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Directive 2006/114
: point 42
-
Directive 2008/95
: point 37
-
Court of Justice - Judgment C -375/97
: points 33, 71
-
Court of Justice - Judgment C -292/00
: points 37, 57, 63
-
Court of Justice - Opinion C -408/01
: point 50
-
Court of Justice - Judgment C -206/01
: points 45, 80
-
Court of Justice - Judgment C -408/01
: points 36, 37
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Court of Justice - Judgment C -17/06
: point 35
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Court of Justice - Opinion C -252/07
: point 50
-
Court of Justice - Opinion C -487/07
: points 64, 97
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Court of Justice - Judgment C -252/07
: points 65, 70, 79
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Court of Justice - Judgment C -301/07
: point 33
-
Court of Justice - Judgment C -487/07
: points 58, 63, 64, 79, 92 - 95
-
Court of Justice - Opinion C -59/08
: point 50
-
Court of Justice - Opinion C -236/08
: point 74
-
Court of Justice - Judgment C -236/08
: points 39, 41, 42 - 44, 58, 68, 74 - 76, 87, 96, 101, 103
-
Court of Justice - Judgment C -278/08
: point 39
-
Court of Justice - Judgment C -558/08
: point 39
-
Court of Justice - Order C -91/09
: point 39
Dates
Date of the lodging of the application initiating proceedings
Date of the Opinion
Date of the hearing
Information not available
Date of delivery
22/09/2011
References
Publication in the Official Journal
Application: OJ C 282 from 21.11.2009, p.19
Judgment: OJ C 331 from 12.11.2011, p.2
Name of the parties
Interflora and Interflora British Unit
Notes on Academic Writings
- Abrar, Sascha: EuGH: Generalanwalt sieht bekannte Marken durch Google AdWords nicht per se verletzt, Gewerblicher Rechtsschutz und Urheberrecht 2011 p.166 (DE)
- Lettner, Harald: Keyword advertising - eine markenrechtliche Analyse, European Law Reporter 2011 p.265-266 (DE)
- Ohly, Ansgar: Erstmalige Präzisierung des Schutzes der Investitionsfunktion der Marke, Gewerblicher Rechtsschutz und Urheberrecht 2011 p.1131-1132 (DE)
- Wery, Étienne ; Breteau, Lise: Droit des marques : la justice européenne met à mort la contrefaçon par reproduction « à la française », Droit de l'immatériel : informatique, médias, communication 2011 nº 76 p.6-15 (FR)
- Costes, Lionel: CJUE et AdWords : après l'arrêt Google, l'arrêt Interflora..., Droit de l'immatériel : informatique, médias, communication 2011 nº 76 p.41-42 (FR)
- Humblot, Benoît: Protection de la marque en cas de double identité : regard sur la jurisprudence créative de la CJUE, Droit de l'immatériel : informatique, médias, communication 2011 nº 77 p.10-18 (FR)
- Tardieu-Guigues, Élisabeth: Concurrence, concurrence..., Droit de l'immatériel : informatique, médias, communication 2011 nº 77 p.60-66 (FR)
- Fehringer, Sabine ; Cizek, Alexander: Werbung im Internet mit Schlüsselwörtern ("Keyword advertising"); Auswahl eines Schlüsselworts, das der bekannten Marke eines Mitbewerbers entspricht, Österreichische Blätter für gewerblichen Rechtsschutz und Urheberrecht 2011 p.341-342 (DE)
- Adobati, Enrica: La Corte di giustizia si pronuncia sui limiti di utilizzo via internet, per scopi pubblicitari, di un marchio registrato, Diritto comunitario e degli scambi internazionali 2011 p.716-720 (IT)
- Van der Kooij, Paul: Het Interflora-arrest en de geldige reden, Berichten industriële eigendom 2011 p.360-364 (NL)
- Steinhauser, P.J.M.: De functies van het merk, inzonderheid de investeringsfunctie, Berichten industriële eigendom 2011 p.398-400 (NL)
- Gielen, Ch.: Intellectuele eigendom & Reclamerecht 2011 p.429-431 (NL)
- Bourgeois, Matthieu: Référencement payant et utilisation d'une marque : les précisions apportées par l'arrêt Interflora, La Semaine Juridique - entreprise et affaires 2012 nº 3 p.47-49 (FR)
- Cornthwaite, Jonathan: Say it with flowers: The Judgment of the Court of Justice of the European Union in Interflora v Marks & Spencer, European Intellectual Property Review 2012 p.127-132 (EN)
- Stefani, Fabia: Profili di liceità dell'uso del marchio altrui come parola chiave nella pubblicità su Internet: note a margine della sentenza Interflora, Rivista di diritto industriale 2012 II p.100-146 (IT)
- Csáky, Claudia: EuGH-Urteil zu AdWords - Rechtliche Herausforderungen für Markeninhaber, Ecolex 2012 p.238-239 (DE)
- Hoogenraad, E.H. ; Haije, D.: Interflora: van doodsteek naar flowerpower voor vergelijkende reclame, Intellectuele eigendom & Reclamerecht 2012 p.5-9 (NL)
- Psaroudakis, Giorgos: Epitheorisis tou Emporikou Dikaiou 2012 p.214-222 (EL)
- Gielen, Ch.: Interflora/Marks & Spencer, Ars aequi 2012 p.40-43 (NL)
- Larrieu, Jacques: Droit du numérique. Technique de référencement et responsabilité de l'annonceur, Recueil Le Dalloz 2012 p.2346-2347 (FR)
- Spoor, J.H.: Nederlandse jurisprudentie ; Uitspraken in burgerlijke en strafzaken 2012 nº 526 (NL)
- Bonet, Georges: Droit des marques et autres signes distinctifs - Publicité sur internet à partir de mots-clés (keyword advertising), Propriétés intellectuelles 2012 nº 42 p.63-68 (FR)
- X: Revue de droit commercial belge 2012 p.573-574 (NL)
- Meale, Darren: Interflora: the last word on keyword advertising?, Journal of Intellectual Property Law and Practice 2012 p.11-14 (EN)
- Incalza, Thomas: Keyword Advertising, Consumer Protection, Fair Trade and Intellectual Property, Landmark cases of EU consumer law: in honour of Jules Stuyck (Ed. Intersentia - Cambridge) 2013 p.407-426 (EN)
- Fougner, Kaia Bugge: On keyword advertising on an internet search engine, LANDMARK IP DECISIONS OF THE EUROPEAN COURT OF JUSTICE 2008-2013 (Ed. Larcier - Brussels) 2014 p.96-100 (EN)
- Jehoram, Cohen: Jurisprudentie Intellectuele Eigendom 1953-2014 (Ed. 2015 Ars Aequi Libri, Nijmegen) 2015 p.178-182 (NL)
- Gielen, Ch.: Interflora/Marks & Spencer, Ars aequi 2019 p.520-523 (NL)
Procedural Analysis Information
Source of the question referred for a preliminary ruling
High Court of Justice (England & Wales), Chancery Division - United Kingdom
Subject-matter
- Freedom to provide services
- Approximation of laws
- Intellectual, industrial and commercial property
- Consumer protection
Provisions of national law referred to
Trade Marks Act 1994, sections 10(1) and (3) The Electronic Commerce (EC Directive) Regulations 2002, regulations 17-19
Provisions of international law referred to
Information not available
Procedure and result
- Reference for a preliminary ruling
Formation of the Court
première chambre (Cour)
Judge-Rapporteur
Ilešič
Advocate General
Jääskinen
Language(s) of the Case
Language(s) of the Opinion