Reports of Cases

2011 I-13905

Subject-matter

Reference for a preliminary ruling – Court of Appeal (England and Wales) (United Kingdom) – Interpretation of Article 3(1) and (2), and the provisions of Chapter III, of Council Regulation (EC) No 343/2003 of 18 February 2003 establishing the criteria and mechanisms for determining the Member State responsible for examining an asylum application lodged in one of the Member States by a third-country national (OJ 2003 L 50, p. 1) – Interpretation of the minimum standards for the reception of asylum seekers, as set out in the provisions of Council Directive 2003/9/EC of 27 January 2003 laying down minimum standards for the reception of asylum seekers (OJ 2003 L 31, p. 18), Council Directive 2004/83/EC of 29 April 2004 on minimum standards for the qualification and status of third-country nationals or stateless persons as refugees or as persons who otherwise need international protection and the content of the protection granted (OJ 2004 L 304, p. 12), and Council Directive 2005/85/EC of 1 December 2005 on minimum standards on procedures in Member States for granting and withdrawing refugee status (OJ 2005 L 326, p. 13) – Procedure for determining the Member State responsible for dealing with an asylum application submitted by an Afghan national – Risk that fundamental rights may be breached if responsibility is take up again by the Member State which was previously responsible – Nature and scope of the protection conferred on an asylum seeker by the provisions of the Charter of Fundamental Rights and by the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms

Systematic classification scheme

Citations of case-law or legislation

References in grounds of judgment

• EC Treaty (Amsterdam), Article 63 : paragraphs 8, 9
• Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU (2007) : paragraph 121
• Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU (2007), Article 1 : paragraphs 1, 15, 50, 70 - 108
• Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU (2007), Article 4 : paragraphs 1, 50, 70 - 108
• Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU (2007), Article 18 : paragraphs 1, 4, 15, 50, 70 - 108
• Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU (2007), Article 19 -P2 : paragraphs 1, 50, 70 - 108
• Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU (2007), Article 47 : paragraphs 1, 50, 70 - 108
• Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU (2007), Article 51 : paragraphs 50 - 69, 120
• Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU (2007), Article 51 -P1 : paragraphs 64, 68
• TFEU, Article 78 : paragraphs 4, 10, 75
• TFEU, Article 80 : paragraphs 10, 93
• TEU, Article 6 : paragraphs 50 - 69, 119
• TFEU - Protocol No 24 : paragraph 8
• TFEU - Protocol No 30 : paragraphs 1, 50, 116, 122
• TFEU - Protocol No 30 -A01P1 : paragraphs 118, 120
• TFEU - Protocol No 30 -A01P2 : paragraph 121
• TFEU - Protocol No 30 -C3 : paragraph 119
• Regulation 2725/2000 : paragraphs 13, 23, 24
• Decision 2001/258 : paragraph 25
• Directive 2001/55 : paragraphs 12, 23, 24, 93
• Directive 2001/55 -C20 : paragraph 12
• Directive 2003/9 : paragraphs 11, 23, 24, 27, 50, 70 - 108
• Directive 2003/9 -C1 : paragraph 14
• Directive 2003/9 -C2 : paragraph 14
• Directive 2003/9 -C5 : paragraph 15
• Regulation 343/2003 : paragraphs 9, 11, 23, 24, 52 - 115
• Regulation 343/2003 -A01 : paragraph 16
• Regulation 343/2003 -A03P1 : paragraphs 17, 18, 50, 70 - 108
• Regulation 343/2003 -A03P2 : paragraphs 1, 17, 50 - 108
• Regulation 343/2003 -A05P1 : paragraph 95
• Regulation 343/2003 -A13 : paragraphs 19, 97
• Regulation 343/2003 -A17 : paragraph 20
• Regulation 343/2003 -A18P7 : paragraph 21
• Regulation 343/2003 -A19 : paragraph 22
• Regulation 343/2003 -C1 : paragraph 14
• Regulation 343/2003 -C2 : paragraph 14
• Regulation 343/2003 -C15 : paragraph 15
• Regulation 343/2003 -CH3 : paragraphs 50 - 108
• Directive 2004/83 : paragraphs 11, 23, 24, 29, 50, 70 - 108
• Directive 2004/83 -A20P1 : paragraph 29
• Directive 2004/83 -C1 : paragraph 14
• Directive 2004/83 -C2 : paragraph 14
• Directive 2004/83 -C10 : paragraph 15
• Directive 2005/85 : paragraphs 11, 23, 24, 30, 50, 70 - 108
• Directive 2005/85 -A36P1 : paragraph 31
• Directive 2005/85 -A36P2 : paragraphs 32, 102
• Directive 2005/85 -A39 : paragraph 33
• Directive 2005/85 -A39P1LA3 : paragraph 33
• Directive 2005/85 -C1 : paragraph 14
• Directive 2005/85 -C2 : paragraph 14
• Decision 2006/188 : paragraph 24
• Decision 2008/147 : paragraph 26
• Decision 2009/487 : paragraph 26
• Agreement between Member States - 41997A0819(01) : paragraph 6
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -101/01 : paragraph 77
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -305/05 : paragraph 77
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -175/08 : paragraph 75
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -31/09 : paragraph 75
• Court of Justice - Opinion C -411/10 : paragraphs 84, 99, 119

Operative part

• Interprets : Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU (2007), Article 1
• Interprets : Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU (2007), Article 4
• Interprets : Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU (2007), Article 18
• Interprets : Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU (2007), Article 47
• Interprets : TFEU - Protocol No 30
• Interprets : Regulation 343/2003 -A03P1
• Interprets : Regulation 343/2003 -A03P2
• Interprets : Regulation 343/2003 -CH3

Opinion

• EC Treaty (Amsterdam), Article 63 : point 87
  
• EC Treaty (Amsterdam), Article 63 -P1 : points 88, 93, 118
  
• EC Treaty (Amsterdam), Article 63 -P1LB : point 88
  
• EC Treaty (Amsterdam), Article 63 -P1LC : point 88
  
• EC Treaty (Amsterdam), Article 63 -P1LD : point 88
  
• EC Treaty (Amsterdam), Article 226 : point 104
  
• EU Treaty (Amsterdam), Article 6 : point 53
  
• Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU (2007) : points 98, 105, 122 - 124, 127, 146, 147, 167
  
• Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU (2007), Article 1 : points 8, 53, 111, 112, 137, 139, 157
  
• Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU (2007), Article 4 : points 9, 53, 112, 142, 157
  
• Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU (2007), Article 7 : point 147
  
• Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU (2007), Article 18 : points 10, 53, 114, 115, 137, 139, 154
  
• Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU (2007), Article 19 : point 11
  
• Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU (2007), Article 19 -P2 : points 53, 112, 157
  
• Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU (2007), Article 27 : points 172, 173
  
• Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU (2007), Article 28 : points 172, 173
  
• Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU (2007), Article 29 : points 172, 173
  
• Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU (2007), Article 30 : points 172, 173
  
• Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU (2007), Article 31 : points 172, 173
  
• Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU (2007), Article 32 : points 172, 173
  
• Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU (2007), Article 33 : points 172, 173
  
• Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU (2007), Article 34 : points 172, 173
  
• Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU (2007), Article 35 : points 172, 173
  
• Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU (2007), Article 36 : points 172, 173
  
• Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU (2007), Article 37 : points 172, 173
  
• Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU (2007), Article 38 : points 172, 173
  
• Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU (2007), Article 47 : points 12, 53, 137, 139, 149, 150, 155, 157, 160, 162 - 164, 178
  
• Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU (2007), Article 47 -P1 : points 142, 151, 152, 159
  
• Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU (2007), Article 51 : points 13, 53, 69 - 71, 169, 171
  
• Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU (2007), Article 51 -P1 : points 72, 74, 76, 78, 79, 83, 173, 178
  
• Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU (2007), Article 51 -P2 : point 73
  
• Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU (2007), Article 52 : points 14, 70
  
• Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU (2007), Article 52 -P1 : point 160
  
• Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU (2007), Article 52 -P3 : points 142 - 145, 148, 155, 157, 178
  
• Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU (2007), Article 52 -P7 : point 76
  
• Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU (2007), Article 53 : point 70
  
• Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU (2007), Article 54 : point 70
  
• TFEU - Protocol No 30 : points 5, 15
  
• TEU, Article 6 : points 69, 170
  
• TEU, Article 6 -P1L1 : point 70
  
• TEU, Article 6 -P1L2 : point 70
  
• TEU, Article 6 -P1L3 : points 70, 76
  
• Regulation 1371/84 : points 81, 82
  
• Directive 2001/55 : points 17, 89
  
• Directive 2001/55 -A01 : point 29
  
• Directive 2001/55 -A02LA : point 30
  
• Directive 2001/55 -CH2 : point 31
  
• Directive 2001/55 -CH3 : point 31
  
• Directive 2001/55 -CH4 : point 31
  
• Directive 2001/55 -CH5 : point 31
  
• Directive 2001/55 -CH6 : point 31
  
• Directive 2003/9 : points 17, 53, 84, 89 - 92, 96, 98, 99, 104, 105, 107, 108, 110, 123 - 128, 132, 133, 136, 178
  
• Directive 2003/9 -A01 : point 32
  
• Directive 2003/9 -A05 : point 33
  
• Directive 2003/9 -A06 : point 33
  
• Directive 2003/9 -A07 : point 33
  
• Directive 2003/9 -A08 : point 33
  
• Directive 2003/9 -A10 : point 33
  
• Directive 2003/9 -A11 : point 33
  
• Directive 2003/9 -A12 : point 33
  
• Directive 2003/9 -A13 : point 33
  
• Directive 2003/9 -A21 : point 34
  
• Directive 2003/9 -A23 : point 35
  
• Directive 2003/9 -A24P2 : points 35, 91
  
• Directive 2003/9 -C2 : point 90
  
• Directive 2003/9 -C5 : point 90
  
• Directive 2003/9 -C6 : point 90
  
• Regulation 343/2003 : points 2, 4, 7, 17, 86, 93, 95 - 99, 103, 105 - 107, 117, 118, 126, 128, 132, 133, 136 - 138, 140, 149, 157, 158, 162, 164
  
• Regulation 343/2003 -A01 : point 19
  
• Regulation 343/2003 -A03 : point 20
  
• Regulation 343/2003 -A03P1 : points 101, 120, 127, 178
  
• Regulation 343/2003 -A03P2 : points 3, 53, 69, 74, 79, 80, 83, 84, 108, 119 - 124, 126, 127, 130, 131, 178
  
• Regulation 343/2003 -A04 : point 21
  
• Regulation 343/2003 -A05 : point 22
  
• Regulation 343/2003 -A06P1 : point 94
  
• Regulation 343/2003 -A06P7 : point 94
  
• Regulation 343/2003 -A06P8 : point 94
  
• Regulation 343/2003 -A09P1 : point 94
  
• Regulation 343/2003 -A09P2 : point 94
  
• Regulation 343/2003 -A10 : points 23, 94, 125
  
• Regulation 343/2003 -A10P1 : point 101
  
• Regulation 343/2003 -A13 : point 24
  
• Regulation 343/2003 -A16 : points 25, 94
  
• Regulation 343/2003 -A17 : points 26, 94
  
• Regulation 343/2003 -A18 : points 27, 94
  
• Regulation 343/2003 -A19 : points 28, 94
  
• Regulation 343/2003 -C3 : point 125
  
• Directive 2004/83 : points 17, 53, 84, 89 - 92, 94, 96, 98, 99, 104, 105, 107, 108, 110, 123 - 128, 132, 133, 136, 178
  
• Directive 2004/83 -A01 : point 36
  
• Directive 2004/83 -A12 : point 37
  
• Directive 2004/83 -A14 : point 37
  
• Directive 2004/83 -A18 : point 37
  
• Directive 2004/83 -A19 : point 37
  
• Directive 2004/83 -A21 : point 37
  
• Directive 2004/83 -A36 : point 91
  
• Directive 2004/83 -C2 : point 90
  
• Directive 2004/83 -C10 : points 90, 118
  
• Directive 2004/83 -C11 : point 90
  
• Directive 2005/85 : points 17, 53, 84, 89 - 92, 96, 98, 99, 104, 105, 107, 108, 110, 123 - 128, 132, 133, 136, 178
  
• Directive 2005/85 -A01 : point 38
  
• Directive 2005/85 -A03P1 : point 39
  
• Directive 2005/85 -A04P1L1 : point 39
  
• Directive 2005/85 -A25P1 : point 94
  
• Directive 2005/85 -A27 : point 40
  
• Directive 2005/85 -A31 : point 40
  
• Directive 2005/85 -A39 : point 40
  
• Directive 2005/85 -C2 : point 90
  
• Directive 2005/85 -C8 : point 90
  
• Directive 2005/85 -C9 : point 90
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -5/88 : points 76 - 78, 81, 82
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -260/89 : points 76, 77
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -292/97 : point 76
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -101/01 : point 118
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -540/03 : point 77
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -222/05 : point 134
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -305/05 : point 118
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -432/05 : point 134
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -2/06 : point 134
  
• Court of Justice - Opinion C -465/07 : point 146
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -465/07 : point 146
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -19/08 : point 125
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -175/08 : points 92, 118
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -31/09 : points 92, 118
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -57/09 : point 92
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -92/09 : point 147
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -246/09 : point 134
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -403/09 : point 118
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -400/10 : point 147
  

Dates

Date of the lodging of the application initiating proceedings

• 18/08/2010

Date of the Opinion

• 22/09/2011

• 22/09/2011

Date of the hearing

Information not available

Date of delivery

21/12/2011

References

Publication in the Official Journal

Applications: OJ C 274 from 09.10.2010, p.21 ; OJ C 13 from 15.01.2011, p.18

Judgment: OJ C 49 from 18.02.2012, p.8

Name of the parties

N. S. and Others

Notes on Academic Writings

1. Russo, Marina: Principi, obiettivi e missioni dei Trattati; Diritti dell'uomo; Visti, asilo, Rassegna dell'avvocatura dello Stato 2011 IV Sez. II p.53-67 (IT)
2. Zwaan, Karin: Rechtspraak Vreemdelingen recht (Ed. Ars Aequi Libri - Nijmegen) 2011 p.143 (NL)
3. Akrivopoulou, Christina M. ; Papandreaou, Marios: Ta themeliodi dikaiomata tou aitounta politiko asilo kata tin ESDA kai to «machito» tekmirio tis «asfalous» choras (kanonismos Douvlino II) - Me aforrmi tis apofaseis EDDA, M.S.S. kata Velgiou kai Elladas (No. 30696/09, 21 Iannouariou 2011) kai DEE C-411/10 kai C-493/10 (21 Dekemvriou 2011), To Syntagma 2011 p.589-614 (EL)
4. Vatovec, Katarina: Na poti k prenovi Dublinske uredbe, Pravna praksa 2012 nº 2 p.27-28 (SL)
5. Weiß, Wolfgang: Grundrechtsschutz in der EU: Quo vadis?, Europäische Zeitschrift für Wirtschaftsrecht 2012 p.201-202 (DE)
6. Aubert, Michel ; Broussy, Emmanuelle ; Donnat, Francis: Chronique de jurisprudence de la CJUE. Asile, confiance mutuelle entre Etats membres et droits fondamentaux, L'actualité juridique ; droit administratif 2012 p.309-310 (FR)
7. Gazin, Fabienne: Du bon emploi du règlement « Dublin II » sur la détermination de l'État européen responsable d'une demande d'asile : quand l'affaire NS du 21 décembre 2011 remet à l'honneur les valeurs européennes essentielles..., Europe Mai Études nº 3 p.9-12 2012 (FR)
8. Buckley, Joanna: NS v Secretary of State for the Home Department (C-411/10), European Human Rights Law Review 2012 p. 208-210 (EN)
9. Morgese, Giuseppe: Regolamento Dublino II e applicazione del principio di mutua fiducia tra Stati membri: la pronunzia della Corte di giustizia nel caso N.S. e altri, Studi sull'integrazione europea 2012 nº 1 p.147-162 (IT)
10. Marx, Reinhard: Solidarität im grundrechtskonformen europäischen Asylsystem, Neue Zeitschrift für Verwaltungsrecht 2012 p.409-413 (DE)
11. Battjes, H.: Pas de deux. De wisselwerking tussen Luxemburgse en Straatsburgse jurisprudentie bij de harmonisatie van het asielrecht, Nederlands tijdschrift voor Europees recht 2012 p.83-93 (NL)
12. Costello, Cathryn: Dublin-case NS/ME: Finally, an end to blind trust across the EU?, Asiel en Migrantenrecht 2012 p.83-92 (EN)
13. Mattera, Alfonso: Droits fondamentaux, principes et valeurs de l'Union européenne, Revue du droit de l'Union européenne 2012 nº 1 p.121-134 (FR)
14. Lieven, Sophie: Case Report on C-411/10, N.S. and C-493/10, M.E. and Others, 21 December 2011, European Journal of Migration and Law 2012 Vol.2 p.223-238 (EN)
15. Römer, Lutz: Verordnung, unwiderlegbare Vermutung der grundrechtskonformen Behandlung, Verbot der unmenschlichen und erniedrigenden Behandlung, Anwendbarkeit der Charta der Grundrechte der Europäischen Union auf das Vereinigte Königreich Großbritannien EZAR NF 65 Nr. 8, Zeitschrift für Ausländerrecht und Ausländerpolitik 2012 p.120-121 (DE)
16. Bank, Roland ; Hruschka, Constantin: Die EuGH-Entscheidung zu Überstellungen nach Griechenland und ihre Folgen für Dublin-Verfahren (nicht nur) in Deutschland, Zeitschrift für Ausländerrecht und Ausländerpolitik 2012 p.182-188 (DE)
17. Den Heijer, Maarten: Common Market Law Review 2012 p.1735-1753 (EN)
18. Grasso, Luigi: Rispetto dei diritti fondamentali di richiedenti asilo ed operatività della sovereignty clause del regolamento Dublino II, Diritto pubblico comparato ed europeo 2012 p.733-739 (IT)
19. Mellon, Gráinne: The Charter of Fundamental Rights and the Dublin Convention: An Analysis of N.S. v. Secretary of State for the Home Department (C-411/10), European Public Law 2012 p.655-663 (EN)
20. Huber, Bertold: Das Urteil des EuGH vom 21.12.2011 zur grundrechtskonformen Anwendung der Dublin II-Verordnung, Informationsbrief Ausländerrecht 2012 p.376-380 (DE)
21. Laffranque, Julia: Who has the Last Word on the Protection of Human Rights in Europe?, Juridica International: Law Review University of Tartu 2012 nº XIX p.117-134 (EN)
22. Reneman, Marcelle: Het EU Dublinsysteem op losse schroeven. Geen Dublinoverdracht toegestaan naar lidstaat waar schending artikel 4 Handvest dreigt, Nederlands tijdschrift voor de mensenrechten ; NJCM bulletin 2012 p.555-562 (NL)
23. Fatourou, Christina D.: Dikaiomata tou Anthropou 2012 p.824-828 (EL)
24. Brodier, Hélène: L'Europe des libertés: revue d'actualité juridique 2012 nº 37 p.19-22 (FR)
25. Brandl, Ulrike: Der EuGH beurteilt die Frage der verpflichtenden Ausübung des Selbsteintrittsrechts nach Art 3 Abs 2 Dublin II-VO, Fremden- und asylrechtliche Blätter - FABL 2012 n° 1 p.6-10 (DE)
26. Pölzl, Bernhard: Die nicht unwiderlegbare Vermutung der Beachtung der Grundrechte von Asylwerbern durch die Mitgliedstaaten, Fremden- und asylrechtliche Blätter - FABL 2012 n° 1 p.11-13 (DE)
27. García Andrade, Paula: La responsabilidad de examinar una solicitud de asilo en la UE y el respeto de los derechos fundamentales: comentario a la Sentencia del TJUE de 21 de diciembre de 2011 en los asuntos N.S. y M.E y otros, Revista General de Derecho Europeo 2012, nº 27, p. 1-34 (ES)
28. Van den Sanden, Tina: The Columbia Journal of European Law 2013 p.143-174 (EN)
29. Canor, Iris: - Solange horizontal - Der Schutz der EU-Grundrechte zwischen Mitgliedstaaten, Zeitschrift für ausländisches öffentliches Recht und Völkerrecht 2013 p.249-294 (DE)
30. Deák, Beáta: Az Európai Bíróság ítélete az EUEU Alapjogi Karta alkalmazásáról - A kölcsönös bizalom megdönthető vélelme, Jogesetek Magyarázata 2013 nº 1 p.53-61 (HU)
31. Lübbe, Anna: „Systemische Mängel“ in Dublin-Verfahren, Zeitschrift für Ausländerrecht und Ausländerpolitik 2014 p.105-111 (DE)
32. Carlier, Jean-Yves: Droit européen des migrations, Journal de droit européen 2014 nº 207 p.105-114 (FR)
33. Zagorc, Saša: Preselitve in premestitve beguncev: prevroč kostanj za Evropo?, Podjetje in delo 2016 nº 6-7 p.1147-1157 (SL)
34. Delzangles, Béatrice ; Louvaris, Antoine: Visas humanitaires et Charte des droits fondamentaux : la confrontation n'a pas eu lieu, Journal de droit européen 2017 nº 239 p.170-176 (FR)
35. Carlier, Jean-Yves ; Leboeuf, Luc: Droit européen des migrations, Journal de droit européen 2018 p.95-110 (FR)
36. Barbé, Vanessa: Après l'arrêt Miller de la Cour suprême britannique du 24 janvier 2017 : du European Union (Notification of Withdrawal) Act au Great Repeal Bill, Europe 2018 Mois Comm. nº 2 p.17-19 (FR)
37. Dumas, Perrine: Les concepts de " pays sûrs " en droit européen de l'asile, Journal de droit européen 2018 nº 248 p.132-134 (FR)
38. Ciliberto, Julia: Intra-EU BITs' Arbitration Clause and EU Law: the Countdown for the CJEU's Final Say, Diritto del commercio internazionale 2018 p.217-238 (EN, IT)

Procedural Analysis Information

Source of the question referred for a preliminary ruling

Court of Appeal (England & Wales) (Civil Division) - United Kingdom

Subject-matter

• Principles, objectives and tasks of the Treaties
  
• Fundamental rights
  
• - Charter of Fundamental Rights
  
• area of freedom, security and justice
  
• - asylum policy
  

Provisions of national law referred to

Nationality, Immigration and Asylum Act 2002, Immigration and Asylum Act 2002, section 77, 82 et 92 (4)

Provisions of international law referred to

Convention européenne de sauvegarde des Droits de l'Homme et des Libertés fondamentales (04/11/1950), art. 3 Convention de Genève relative au statut des réfugiés (28/07/1951)

Procedure and result

• Reference for a preliminary ruling
  

Formation of the Court

grande chambre (Cour)

Judge-Rapporteur

Rosas

Advocate General

Trstenjak

Trstenjak

Language(s) of the Case

• English
  

Language(s) of the Opinion

• German