Reports of Cases

published in the electronic Reports of Cases (Court Reports - general)

Subject-matter

Failure of a State to fulfil its obligations – Breach of Articles 2 and 6(1) of Council Directive 2000/78/EC of 27 November 2000 establishing a general framework for equal treatment in employment and occupation (OJ 2000 L 303, p. 16) – National rules requiring termination of the service of judges, prosecutors and notaries public on reaching the age of 62 – No legitimate purpose justifying that difference of treatment compared with workers under 62 – Disproportionate nature of the transitional period (one year)

Systematic classification scheme

Citations of case-law or legislation

References in grounds of judgment

• Directive 2000/78 -A02P1 : paragraphs 3, 51, 54
• Directive 2000/78 -A02P2 : paragraph 3
• Directive 2000/78 -A02P2LA : paragraphs 51, 54
• Directive 2000/78 -A06P1 : paragraphs 3, 58
• Directive 2000/78 -A06P1L1 : paragraphs 55, 60
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -209/02 : paragraph 41
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -388/07 : paragraph 60
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -88/08 : paragraph 60
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -45/09 : paragraph 66
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -447/09 : paragraphs 48, 50
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -159/10 : paragraphs 50, 58, 62
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -565/10 : paragraph 41
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -141/11 : paragraphs 55, 58

Operative part

• Reference : Directive 2000/78 -A02
• Reference : Directive 2000/78 -A06P1

Opinion

• Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU (2007), Article 20 : point 63
  
• Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU (2007), Article 47 -L2 : point 54
  
• TFEU - Protocol No 3 -A23BIS : point 18
  
• Court of Justice - Rules of Procedure (1991) -A62BIS : point 18
  
• Directive 2000/78 : point 1
  
• Directive 2000/78 -A01 : points 5, 25
  
• Directive 2000/78 -A02 : points 15, 92
  
• Directive 2000/78 -A02P1 : points 6, 25, 27, 28
  
• Directive 2000/78 -A02P2LA : point 6
  
• Directive 2000/78 -A03P1 : points 7, 26
  
• Directive 2000/78 -A03P1LC : point 28
  
• Directive 2000/78 -A06P1 : points 8, 15, 30 - 49, 61, 92
  
• Directive 2000/78 -A06P1LA : point 27
  
• Directive 2000/78 -C8 : point 4
  
• Directive 2000/78 -C9 : point 4
  
• Directive 2000/78 -C11 : point 4
  
• Directive 2000/78 -C25 : point 4
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -96/81 : point 34
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -14/86 : point 54
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -328/91 : point 40
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -54/96 : point 54
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -158/96 : point 40
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -104/98 : point 40
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -189/01 : point 32
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -394/02 : point 23
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -53/03 : point 54
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -344/03 : point 35
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -344/04 : point 63
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -372/04 : point 40
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -506/04 : point 55
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -342/05 : point 34
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -411/05 : points 33, 77, 84
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -267/06 : point 40
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -127/07 : point 63
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -169/07 : point 40
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -388/07 : point 40
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -550/07 : point 63
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -558/07 : points 32, 63
  
• Court of Justice - Opinion C -499/08 : points 31, 77, 78
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -88/08 : points 40, 62
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -341/08 : points 40, 62
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -499/08 : point 77
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -45/09 : points 31, 33
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -196/09 : point 54
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -250/09 : point 69
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -343/09 : point 32
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -447/09 : points 40, 57
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -517/09 : point 55
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -159/10 : points 2, 28, 37, 38, 43, 62, 69, 84
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -340/10 : point 21
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -141/11 : points 31, 33
  

Dates

Date of the lodging of the application initiating proceedings

• 07/06/2012

Date of the Opinion

• 02/10/2012

Date of the hearing

Information not available

Date of delivery

06/11/2012

References

Publication in the Official Journal

Application: OJ C 217 from 21.07.2012, p.14

Judgment: OJ C 9 from 12.01.2013, p.22

Name of the parties

Commission v Hungary

Notes on Academic Writings

1. Dubout, Edouard: Abaissement de la limite d'âge des juges en Hongrie - La Cour de justice refuse de sonner la retraite, Revue des affaires européennes 2012 p.847-856 (FR)
2. Tinç, Mehmet: Jurisprudence de la Cour de justice de l'Union européenne en matière de droits fondamentaux, L'Europe des libertés: revue d'actualité juridique 2012 nº 39/40 p.66 (FR)
3. Driguez, Laetitia: Limite d'âge des juges, procureurs et notaires en Hongrie, Europe 2013 Janvier Comm. nº 1 p.45-46 (FR)
4. Colla, Anne-France ; Gosseries, Axel: Discrimination par l'âge et droit transitoire. Réflexions à partir de Commission c. Hongrie (C-286/12), Journal des tribunaux du travail 2013 p.69-81 (FR)
5. Moizard, Nicolas: Discrimination en raison de l'âge et mise à la retraite d'office de magistrats hongrois, Revue de droit du travail 2013 p.111-113 (FR)
6. Mok, M.R.: Nederlandse jurisprudentie ; Uitspraken in burgerlijke en strafzaken 2013 nº 169 (NL)
7. Lhernould, Jean-Philippe: L'actualité de la jurisprudence européenne et internationale. Des limites aux réformes visant à abaisser l'âge de mise à la retraite, Revue de jurisprudence sociale 2013 p.164-165 (FR)
8. Rebhahn, Robert: Altersdiskriminierung durch Herabsetzung des Pensionsalters, Wirtschaftsrechtliche Blätter 2013 p.26 (DE)
9. De Waele, H.: De Commissie-Hongarijeconfrontatie. Van vervroegd pensioen, leeftijdsdiscriminatie en rechterlijke onafhankelijkheid, Nederlands tijdschrift voor Europees recht 2013 p.219-223 (NL)
10. Vincze, Attila: Der EuGH als Hüter der ungarischen Verfassung - Anmerkung zum Urteil des EuGH v. 6.11.2012, Rs. EUGH 2012-11-06 Aktenzeichen C-286/12 (Kommission/Ungarn), Europarecht 2013 p.323-333 (DE)
11. Vincze, Attila: The ECJ as the Guardian of the Hungarian Constitution: Case C-286/12 Commission v. Hungary, European Public Law 2013 p.489-500 (EN)
12. Joussen, Jacob: Gleichbehandlung / Richter / Staatsanwälte, Zeitschrift für europäisches Sozial- und Arbeitsrecht 2013 p.283-287 (DE)
13. Belavusau, Uladzislau: On age discrimination and beating dead dogs: Commission v. Hungary, Common Market Law Review 2013 p.1145-1160 (EN)
14. Hős, Nikolett ; Gyulavári, Tamás: Retirement of Hungarian Judges, Age Discrimination and Judicial Independence: A Tale of Two Courts, Industrial Law Journal 2013 p.289-297 (EN)
15. Langhendries, Els ; Marocchi, Nilde: Tijdschrift voor bestuurswetenschappen en publiekrecht 2013 p.600-602 (NL)
16. Delzangles, Béatrice: Les affaires hongroises ou la disparition de la valeur « intégration » dans la jurisprudence de la Cour de justice, Revue trimestrielle de droit européen 2013 p.201 (FR)
17. Halmai, Gábor: The Early Retirement Age of the Hungarian Judges, EU law stories: contextual and critical histories of European jurisprudence (Ed. Cambridge University Press) 2017, p. 471-488 (EN)

Procedural Analysis Information

Source of the question referred for a preliminary ruling

Information not available

Subject-matter

• Principles, objectives and tasks of the Treaties
  
• Social policy
  

Provisions of national law referred to

Information not available

Provisions of international law referred to

Information not available

Procedure and result

• Action for a declaration of failure to fulfil obligations : application granted
  

Formation of the Court

première chambre (Cour)

Judge-Rapporteur

Tizzano

Advocate General

Kokott

Language(s) of the Case

• Hungarian
  

Language(s) of the Opinion

• German