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Judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber) of 3 June 2021

Hungary v European Parliament

Action for annulment – Article 7(1) TEU – European Parliament resolution on a proposal calling on the Council of the European Union to determine the existence of a clear risk of a serious breach of the values on which the European Union is founded – Articles 263 and 269 TFEU – Jurisdiction of the Court – Admissibility of the appeal – Challengeable act – Article 354 TFEU – Rules for counting votes in the Parliament – Rules of Procedure of the Parliament – Rule 178(3) – Concept of ‘votes cast’ – Abstentions – Principles of legal certainty, equal treatment, democracy and sincere cooperation

Case C-650/18

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Documents in the Case

Document

Date

Name of the parties

Subject-matter

Curia

EUR-Lex

Autres Liens

Judgment (OJ)

02/07/2021

Hungary v Parliament

Provisions governing the institutions

EUR-Lex text

Judgment
ECLI:EU:C:2021:426

03/06/2021

Hungary v Parliament

Provisions governing the institutions

EUR-Lex text

Abstract
ECLI:EU:C:2021:426

03/06/2021

Hungary v Parliament

Provisions governing the institutions

EUR-Lex text

Order
ECLI:EU:C:2019:438

14/05/2019

Hungary v Parliament

Provisions governing the institutions

View html documents

EUR-Lex text

Application (OJ)

16/11/2018

Hungary v Parliament

Provisions governing the institutions

EUR-Lex text

Opinion
ECLI:EU:C:2020:985

03/12/2020

Hungary v Parliament

Provisions governing the institutions

EUR-Lex text

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Legal analysis of the decision or of the case

Reports of Cases

not yet published (Court Reports - general)

Subject-matter

Information not available

Systematic classification scheme

1.

2 Institutional framework of the European Union
2.01 Institutions
2.01.01 European Parliament

3 Legal proceedings
3.02 Actions for annulment
3.02.00 General

2 Institutional framework of the European Union
2.01 Institutions
2.01.01 European Parliament

3 Legal proceedings
3.02 Actions for annulment
3.02.01 Acts which may be the subject of an action for annulment

2 Institutional framework of the European Union
2.01 Institutions
2.01.01 European Parliament

3 Legal proceedings
3.02 Actions for annulment
3.02.01 Acts which may be the subject of an action for annulment

2 Institutional framework of the European Union
2.01 Institutions
2.01.01 European Parliament

3 Legal proceedings
3.02 Actions for annulment
3.02.00 General

2 Institutional framework of the European Union
2.01 Institutions
2.01.01 European Parliament

7 General and final provisions
7.00 General

2 Institutional framework of the European Union
2.01 Institutions
2.01.01 European Parliament

7 General and final provisions
7.00 General

Citations of case-law or legislation

References in grounds of judgment

Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU (2007), Article 20 : paragraph 94
TFEU - Protocol No 3 -A16L3 : paragraph 16
TFEU : paragraphs 86, 92
TFEU, Article 231 -P1 : paragraph 72
TFEU, Article 263 : paragraphs 19, 22, 28, 31, 33, 35, 37, 38, 42, 51, 52, 59
TFEU, Article 263 -L1 : paragraphs 4, 24, 49
TFEU, Article 263 -L2 : paragraphs 50, 54, 60
TFEU, Article 263 -L6 : paragraphs 4, 57
TFEU, Article 269 : paragraphs 5, 19 - 23, 28 - 32, 34 - 36, 51, 52, 54, 56, 57, 77
TFEU, Article 269 -L1 : paragraphs 53, 55
TFEU, Article 269 -L2 : paragraph 58
TFEU, Article 271 : paragraphs 22, 35
TFEU, Article 275 : paragraphs 22, 35
TFEU, Article 276 : paragraphs 22, 35
TFEU, Article 354 : paragraphs 3, 11, 72, 73, 77, 97
TFEU, Article 354 -L1 : paragraphs 66, 70, 90 - 93
TFEU, Article 354 -L4 : paragraphs 62, 65, 67, 70, 71, 75, 76, 79, 81, 82, 85, 87, 88, 90, 93 - 95, 99, 100
TEU, Article 2 : paragraphs 45, 73, 94
TEU, Article 4 -P3 : paragraph 106
TEU, Article 7 : paragraphs 2, 20, 21, 23, 25, 30, 31, 35, 52, 53, 59, 70, 82, 85 - 88, 106, 108
TEU, Article 7 -P1 : paragraphs 10, 26, 32, 39, 45, 47, 48, 54, 57, 58, 65, 66, 89, 95
TEU, Article 7 -P2 : paragraphs 90 - 92
TEU, Article 7 -P5 : paragraph 77
TEU, Article 10 : paragraph 94
TFEU - Protocol No 24 : paragraphs 6, 28, 39
TFEU - Protocol No 24 -A01LB : paragraph 25
Court of Justice - Rules of Procedure (2012) -A120LC : paragraph 78
European Parliament - Own-Initiative Resolution - 52018IP0340 : paragraphs 1, 7, 11, 13, 14, 19, 24, 27, 28, 33, 39 - 42, 45, 47 - 50, 60, 64, 75, 77, 79, 81, 95, 96, 99, 100, 102, 104, 106, 108
Court of Justice - Judgment C -294/83 -N23 : paragraph 34
Court of Justice - Judgment C -312/90 -N21 : paragraph 46
Court of Justice - Judgment C -312/90 -N22 : paragraph 46
Court of Justice - Judgment C -47/91 -N27 : paragraph 46
Court of Justice - Judgment C -47/91 -N28 : paragraph 46
Court of Justice - Judgment C -149/10 -N64 : paragraph 98
Court of Justice - Judgment C -211/10 -N78 : paragraph 51
Court of Justice - Judgment C -355/10 -N37 : paragraph 50
Court of Justice - Judgment C -463/10 -N50 : paragraph 44
Court of Justice - Judgment C -463/10 -N53 : paragraph 46
Court of Justice - Judgment C -463/10 -N54 : paragraph 46
Court of Justice - Judgment C -463/10 -N60 : paragraph 46
Court of Justice - Judgment C -540/13 -N9 : paragraph 78
Court of Justice - Judgment C -455/14 -N40 : paragraph 31
Court of Justice - Judgment C -72/15 -N66 : paragraph 34
Court of Justice - Judgment C -414/15 -N44 : paragraph 43
Court of Justice - Judgment C -621/16 -N44 : paragraph 37
Court of Justice - Judgment C -663/17 -N54 : paragraph 34
Court of Justice - Opinion C -650/18 : paragraphs 48, 84
Court of Justice - Judgment C -216/18 : paragraphs 26, 28
Court of Justice - Judgment C -507/18 -N32 : paragraph 83
Court of Justice - Judgment C -575/18 -N46 : paragraph 37
Court of Justice - Judgment C -575/18 -N47 : paragraph 38
Court of Justice - Order C -650/18 : paragraph 17
Court of Justice - Judgment C -119/19 -N137 : paragraph 98

Operative part

Confirms : European Parliament - Own-Initiative Resolution - 52018IP0340

Opinion

Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU (2007), Article 21 : point 123
TFEU - Protocol No 24 : points 8, 104 - 108
TFEU, Article 231 : points 6, 124
TFEU, Article 232 : points 119, 131
TFEU, Article 263 : points 1, 2, 4, 23, 24, 27, 28, 30 - 32, 43, 44, 53, 61, 62, 72, 73, 75, 76, 78, 80, 99, 102, 116
TFEU, Article 263 -L1 : points 81, 103
TFEU, Article 263 -L2 : points 34, 77
TFEU, Article 268 : point 58
TFEU, Article 269 : points 2, 5, 23, 26 - 28, 31, 43 - 50, 52, 53, 55, 57 - 59, 62, 64, 65, 68, 71 - 73, 75, 78, 99
TFEU, Article 270 : point 58
TFEU, Article 274 : point 58
TFEU, Article 275 : points 58, 59
TFEU, Article 275 -L1 : points 35, 36
TFEU, Article 275 -L2 : point 70
TFEU, Article 275 -P1 : point 67
TFEU, Article 276 : points 35, 58, 59
TFEU, Article 354 : points 2, 7, 23, 118, 119, 123, 134
TFEU, Article 354 -L1 : point 120
TFEU, Article 354 -L4 : points 120, 125
TFEU, Article 354 -P1 : point 99
TEU, Article 2 : points 38 - 40, 67, 123
TEU, Article 7 : points 3, 23, 25 - 29, 43, 45, 48, 50, 52 - 54, 62, 68, 72, 73, 77, 78, 87, 96, 118, 144
TEU, Article 7 -P1 : points 1, 2, 12, 14, 24, 30, 31, 38, 39, 42, 44, 46, 60, 61, 71, 74, 79 - 81, 85, 86, 88 - 93, 98 - 100, 103, 104, 106, 110 - 112, 115, 125, 133, 142, 145, 147
TEU, Article 7 -P2 : points 38, 40, 46, 60, 61, 65, 71, 89, 99, 100
TEU, Article 7 -P3 : points 32, 38, 41, 42, 61, 64, 65, 67, 70, 71, 76, 80, 98, 99
TEU, Article 7 -P4 : point 41
TEU, Article 7 -P5 : point 124
TEU, Article 7 -SNT1 : point 79
TEU, Article 19 : point 36
TEU, Article 46 : points 31, 54 - 56
TEU, Article 46 -LE : points 50 - 53, 55
European Parliament - Own-Initiative Resolution - 52017IP0216 : point 12
Commission - COM Document (Draft Legislation) - 52017PC0835 : point 86
European Parliament - Own-Initiative Resolution - 52018IP0340 : points 1, 16, 18, 23 - 31, 79, 82, 87, 95, 103, 116, 118, 123, 142, 144, 147
European Parliament - Own-Initiative Resolution - 52018IP0340 -N : points 85, 86
Court of Justice - Judgment C -294/83 : point 72
Court of Justice - Judgment C -294/83 -N23 : point 67
Court of Justice - Judgment C -302/87 -N23 : point 84
Court of Justice - Judgment C -302/87 -N24 : point 84
Court of Justice - Judgment C -147/96 -N26 : point 82
General Court - Order T -175/96 -N21 : point 85
Court of Justice - Judgment C -400/99 -N62 : point 87
Court of Justice - Judgment C -400/99 -N63 : point 87
Court of Justice - Order C -208/99 -N23 : point 34
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N52 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N53 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N54 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N55 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N56 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N57 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N58 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N59 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N60 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N61 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N62 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N63 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N64 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N65 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N66 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N67 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N68 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N69 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N70 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N71 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N72 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N73 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N74 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N75 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N76 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N77 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N78 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N79 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N80 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N81 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N82 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N83 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N84 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N85 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N86 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N87 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N88 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N89 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N90 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N91 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N92 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N93 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N94 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N95 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N96 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N97 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N98 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N99 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N100 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N101 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N102 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N103 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N104 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N105 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N106 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N107 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N108 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N109 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N110 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N111 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N112 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N113 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N114 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N115 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N116 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N117 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N118 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N119 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N120 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N121 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N122 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N123 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N124 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N125 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion C -523/04 -N126 : point 100
Court of Justice - Judgment C -402/05 -N281 : point 67
Court of Justice - Judgment C -521/06 -N42 : point 82
Court of Justice - Judgment C -336/09 -N36 : point 33
Court of Justice - Judgment C -463/10 -N53 : point 94
Court of Justice - Judgment C -463/10 -N54 : point 94
Court of Justice - Judgment C -583/11 -N91 : point 33
Court of Justice - Judgment C -583/11 -N92 : point 33
Court of Justice - Judgment C -658/11 -N70 : point 36
Court of Justice - Judgment C -261/13 -N24 : point 61
Court of Justice - Judgment C -447/13 -N48 : point 100
Court of Justice - Opinion 2/13 -N161 : point 107
Court of Justice - Judgment C -48/14 -N57 : point 100
Court of Justice - Judgment C -48/14 -N58 : point 100
Court of Justice - Judgment C -362/14 -N60 : point 33
Court of Justice - Judgment C -455/14 -N40 : point 36
Court of Justice - Judgment C -455/14 -N41 : points 67, 101
Court of Justice - Judgment C -566/14 -N96 : point 100
Court of Justice - Judgment C -600/14 -N108 : point 34
Court of Justice - Judgment C -72/15 -N72 : points 67, 101
Court of Justice - Judgment C -72/15 -N73 : points 67, 101
Court of Justice - Judgment C -643/15 -N123 : point 77
Court of Justice - Judgment C -643/15 -N124 : point 77
Court of Justice - Judgment C -690/15 -N40 : point 107
Court of Justice - Judgment C -5/16 -N90 : point 100
Court of Justice - Judgment C -244/16 -N102 : point 33
Court of Justice - Judgment C -426/16 -N38 : point 33
Court of Justice - Judgment C -663/17 -N54 : point 33
Court of Justice - Judgment C -216/18 : point 111
Court of Justice - Judgment C -418/18 -N87 : point 61
Court of Justice - Judgment C -418/18 -N88 : point 61
Court of Justice - Judgment C -418/18 -N89 : point 61
Court of Justice - Judgment C -418/18 -N90 : point 61
Court of Justice - Judgment C -418/18 -N91 : point 61
Court of Justice - Judgment C -418/18 -N92 : point 61
Court of Justice - Judgment C -418/18 -N93 : point 61
Court of Justice - Judgment C -418/18 -N94 : point 61
Court of Justice - Judgment C -418/18 -N95 : points 61, 77
Court of Justice - Judgment C -418/18 -N96 : point 61
Court of Justice - Judgment C -418/18 -N97 : point 61
Court of Justice - Judgment C -575/18 -N52 : point 34
Court of Justice - Order C -650/18 : point 20
Court of Justice - Opinion C -14/19 -N51 : point 36
Court of Justice - Opinion C -14/19 -N52 : point 36
Court of Justice - Opinion C -14/19 -N53 : point 36
Court of Justice - Opinion C -14/19 -N54 : point 36
Court of Justice - Opinion C -14/19 -N55 : point 36
Court of Justice - Opinion C -14/19 -N56 : point 36
Court of Justice - Opinion C -14/19 -N57 : point 36
Court of Justice - Opinion C -14/19 -N58 : point 36
Court of Justice - Opinion C -14/19 -N59 : point 36
Court of Justice - Opinion C -14/19 -N60 : point 36
Court of Justice - Opinion C -14/19 -N61 : point 36
Court of Justice - Opinion C -14/19 -N62 : point 36
Court of Justice - Opinion C -14/19 -N63 : point 36
Court of Justice - Opinion C -14/19 -N64 : point 36
Court of Justice - Opinion C -14/19 -N65 : point 36
Court of Justice - Opinion C -14/19 -N66 : point 36
Court of Justice - Opinion C -14/19 -N67 : point 36
Court of Justice - Opinion C -14/19 -N68 : point 36
Court of Justice - Opinion C -14/19 -N69 : point 36
Court of Justice - Opinion C -14/19 -N70 : point 36
Court of Justice - Opinion C -14/19 -N71 : point 36
Court of Justice - Opinion C -14/19 -N72 : point 36
Court of Justice - Opinion C -14/19 -N73 : point 36
Court of Justice - Opinion C -14/19 -N74 : point 36
Court of Justice - Opinion C -14/19 -N75 : point 36
Court of Justice - Opinion C -14/19 -N76 : point 36
Court of Justice - Opinion C -14/19 -N77 : point 36
Court of Justice - Opinion C -14/19 -N78 : point 36
Court of Justice - Opinion C -14/19 -N79 : point 36
Court of Justice - Opinion C -14/19 -N80 : point 36
Court of Justice - Opinion C -14/19 -N81 : point 36
Court of Justice - Opinion C -14/19 -N82 : point 36
Court of Justice - Opinion C -14/19 -N83 : point 36
Court of Justice - Opinion C -14/19 -N84 : point 36
Court of Justice - Opinion C -14/19 -N85 : point 36
Court of Justice - Opinion C -14/19 -N86 : point 36
Court of Justice - Opinion C -14/19 -N87 : point 36
Court of Justice - Opinion C -14/19 -N88 : point 36
Court of Justice - Opinion C -14/19 -N89 : point 36
Court of Justice - Opinion C -352/19 -N80 : point 114
Court of Justice - Opinion C -352/19 -N126 : point 114
Court of Justice - Opinion C -352/19 -N127 : point 114
Court of Justice - Opinion C -352/19 -N128 : point 114
Court of Justice - Opinion C -352/19 -N129 : point 114
Court of Justice - Opinion C -352/19 -N130 : point 114
Court of Justice - Opinion C -352/19 -N131 : point 114
Court of Justice - Opinion C -352/19 -N132 : point 114
Court of Justice - Opinion C -352/19 -N133 : point 114
Court of Justice - Opinion C -352/19 -N134 : point 114
Court of Justice - Opinion C -352/19 -N135 : point 114
Court of Justice - Opinion C -352/19 -N136 : point 114
Court of Justice - Judgment C -14/19 -N66 : point 36

Dates

Date of the lodging of the application initiating proceedings

17/10/2018

Date of the Opinion

03/12/2020

Date of the hearing

Information not available

Date of delivery

03/06/2021

References

Publication in the Official Journal

Information not available

Name of the parties

Hungary v Parliament

Notes on Academic Writings

Bruyas, Pierrick: Recours en annulation - Procédure de l'article 7 TUE, Europe 2021, n° 8-9 août, comm. 284 (FR)
Blumann, Claude: Une avancée mal assurée de la justiciabilité de l’article 7 TUE / A poorly secured advance of the justiciability of Article 7 TEU, Revue des affaires européennes 2021 n° 2 p. 399-413 (EN, FR)
Waele, H.C.F.J.A. de: Nieuwe ontwikkelingen in de Europese rechtsstaatcrisis : Hongarije verliest een slag, maar wie wint de oorlog? : C-650/18, Ars aequi 2021 p. 1118-1122 (NL)
Platon, Sébastien: Is silence always golden? : the abstention of MEPs and the activation of the Article 7 procedure against Hungary : Hungary v. European Parliament : case C-650/18, Hungary v. European Parliament, Common Market Law Review 2022 p. 543-560 (EN)
Coutron, Laurent: La résolution du Parlement européen invitant le Conseil à engager la procédure prévue par l'article 7 § 1 TUE : un acte justiciable soumis à un régime hybride, Revue trimestrielle de droit européen 2022, n° 4, p. 729-733 (FR)
Dubout, Edouard: I. Questions institutionnelles - Cour de Justice, gde ch., 3 juin 2021, Hongrie c/ Parlement européen, aff. C-650/18, EU:C:2021:426, Jurisprudence de la CJUE 2021. Décisions et commentaires (Ed. Bruylant - Bruxelles) 2022, p. 29-33 (FR)

Procedural Analysis Information

Source of the question referred for a preliminary ruling

Information not available

Subject-matter

Provisions governing the institutions

Provisions of national law referred to

Information not available

Provisions of international law referred to

Information not available

Procedure and result

Actions for annulment : dismissal on substantive grounds

Formation of the Court

grande chambre (Cour)

Judge-Rapporteur

Lycourgos

Advocate General

Bobek

Language(s) of the Case

Hungarian

Language(s) of the Opinion

French