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Judgment of the Court (First Chamber) of 28 May 2020

IL and Others v Land Nordrhein-Westfalen

Request for a preliminary ruling from the Bundesverwaltungsgericht

Reference for a preliminary ruling – Environment – Aarhus Convention – Directive 2011/92/EU – Assessment of the effects of certain projects on the environment – Public participation in the decision-making process – Irregularities vitiating the procedure for approval of a project – Access to justice – Limitations laid down by national law – Directive 2000/60/EC – EU action in the field of water policy – Deterioration of a body of groundwater – Arrangements for assessment – Right of individuals to take measures in order to prevent pollution – Standing to bring proceedings before the national courts

Case C-535/18

Documents in the Case

Document

Date

Name of the parties

Subject-matter

Curia

EUR-Lex

Autres Liens

Judgment (OJ)

17/07/2020

Land Nordrhein-Westfalen

Environment

Judgment
ECLI:EU:C:2020:391

28/05/2020

Land Nordrhein-Westfalen

Environment

Application (OJ)

09/11/2018

Land Nordrhein-Westfalen

Environment

Request for a preliminary ruling

16/08/2018

Land Nordrhein-Westfalen

Environment

Opinion
ECLI:EU:C:2019:957

12/11/2019

Land Nordrhein-Westfalen

Environment

Legal analysis of the decision or of the case

Reports of Cases

published in the electronic Reports of Cases (Court Reports - general)

Subject-matter

Information not available

Systematic classification scheme

4 Internal policy of the European Union
4.23 Environment, sustainable development and climate

Citations of case-law or legislation

References in grounds of judgment

TFEU, Article 288 : paragraphs 48, 120, 121, 135
TEU, Article 19 : paragraphs 48, 120, 135
Directive 85/337 -A10BIS : paragraph 57
Directive 2000/60 : paragraphs 36 - 39, 47, 65, 70, 71, 100, 126
Directive 2000/60 -A01 : paragraph 15
Directive 2000/60 -A01L1LA : paragraph 67
Directive 2000/60 -A01L1LB : paragraph 135
Directive 2000/60 -A01L1LD : paragraphs 129 - 131
Directive 2000/60 -A01L2T1 : paragraphs 127, 133, 135
Directive 2000/60 -A01L2T2 : paragraphs 129 - 131
Directive 2000/60 -A01T1 : paragraph 46
Directive 2000/60 -A02PT2 : paragraph 16
Directive 2000/60 -A02PT12 : paragraph 16
Directive 2000/60 -A02PT19 : paragraph 16
Directive 2000/60 -A02PT20 : paragraph 16
Directive 2000/60 -A02PT25 : paragraphs 16, 93
Directive 2000/60 -A02PT28 : paragraphs 16, 93
Directive 2000/60 -A02PT31 : paragraph 16
Directive 2000/60 -A02PT33 : paragraphs 16, 129 - 131, 133
Directive 2000/60 -A04 : paragraphs 48, 50, 74, 76, 86, 90, 103
Directive 2000/60 -A04P1 : paragraphs 43, 51, 52, 73, 81, 84, 90, 95, 113, 120
Directive 2000/60 -A04P1LA : paragraphs 17, 64, 66, 72, 124
Directive 2000/60 -A04P1LAPT1 : paragraphs 1, 48, 68, 92, 96
Directive 2000/60 -A04P1LAPT2 : paragraphs 1, 48, 68
Directive 2000/60 -A04P1LAPT3 : paragraphs 1, 48, 68
Directive 2000/60 -A04P1LB : paragraphs 17, 66, 72, 125, 128, 135
Directive 2000/60 -A04P1LBPT1 : paragraphs 1, 48, 69, 91, 96, 115, 118, 119
Directive 2000/60 -A04P1LBPT2 : paragraph 69
Directive 2000/60 -A04P4LC : paragraph 18
Directive 2000/60 -A04P5LC : paragraph 99
Directive 2000/60 -A04P6 : paragraph 101
Directive 2000/60 -A04P7 : paragraph 101
Directive 2000/60 -A04P7LA : paragraphs 19, 75
Directive 2000/60 -A04P7LB : paragraphs 19, 75
Directive 2000/60 -A04P7LC : paragraphs 19, 75
Directive 2000/60 -A04P7LD : paragraphs 19, 75
Directive 2000/60 -A11 : paragraphs 116, 117
Directive 2000/60 -A13P7 : paragraph 20
Directive 2000/60 -A17 : paragraphs 103, 105
Directive 2000/60 -A17P1 : paragraph 21
Directive 2000/60 -A17P2 : paragraph 21
Directive 2000/60 -C23 : paragraph 14
Directive 2000/60 -C24 : paragraphs 14, 46
Directive 2000/60 -C25 : paragraph 14
Directive 2000/60 -C26 : paragraph 14
Directive 2000/60 -C37 : paragraphs 14, 46
Directive 2000/60 -N2PT2.2 : paragraph 105
Directive 2000/60 -N5 : paragraphs 41, 92, 96, 97
Directive 2000/60 -N5PT2.1.2 : paragraph 93
Directive 2000/60 -N5PT2.3.1 : paragraphs 22, 102
Directive 2000/60 -N5PT2.3.2 : paragraphs 23, 93, 102, 105, 107, 108
Directive 2000/60 -N5PT2.4.1 : paragraph 24
Directive 2000/60 -N5PT2.4.5 : paragraphs 25, 40, 105, 111
Directive 2000/60 -N5PT2.4 : paragraphs 113, 114
Directive 2006/118 : paragraphs 42, 105
Directive 2006/118 -A03P1 : paragraphs 12, 106, 109, 110, 119, 133
Directive 2006/118 -A04 : paragraph 13
Directive 2006/118 -A04P2LC : paragraph 116
Directive 2006/118 -A04P3 : paragraph 114
Directive 2006/118 -A04P5 : paragraph 116
Directive 2006/118 -N1 : paragraph 106
Directive 2006/118 -N2 : paragraph 106
Directive 2011/92 -A01P1 : paragraph 5
Directive 2011/92 -A01P2 : paragraph 5
Directive 2011/92 -A02P1 : paragraph 77
Directive 2011/92 -A03 : paragraphs 6, 84
Directive 2011/92 -A03LB : paragraphs 79, 81
Directive 2011/92 -A04 : paragraph 77
Directive 2011/92 -A05 : paragraphs 7, 84, 85
Directive 2011/92 -A05P1 : paragraphs 82, 89
Directive 2011/92 -A05P3 : paragraph 89
Directive 2011/92 -A05P3LA : paragraph 88
Directive 2011/92 -A05P3LB : paragraphs 80, 81, 88
Directive 2011/92 -A05P3LC : paragraphs 80, 81, 88
Directive 2011/92 -A05P3LD : paragraph 88
Directive 2011/92 -A05P3LE : paragraph 88
Directive 2011/92 -A06 : paragraphs 8, 38, 48, 49, 63, 65, 84, 87, 90
Directive 2011/92 -A06P3 : paragraphs 83, 89
Directive 2011/92 -A06P3LA : paragraph 88
Directive 2011/92 -A06P3LB : paragraph 38
Directive 2011/92 -A06P4 : paragraph 85
Directive 2011/92 -A06P6 : paragraph 85
Directive 2011/92 -A11 : paragraph 57
Directive 2011/92 -A11P1 : paragraphs 9, 45, 54
Directive 2011/92 -A11P1LB : paragraphs 1, 48, 49, 59, 60, 63
Directive 2011/92 -A11P2 : paragraph 9
Directive 2011/92 -A11P3 : paragraphs 9, 56
Directive 2011/92 -C7 : paragraph 4
Directive 2011/92 -C19 : paragraph 4
Directive 2011/92 -C20 : paragraph 4
Directive 2011/92 -C21 : paragraph 4
Directive 2011/92 -N1 : paragraph 77
Directive 2011/92 -N2 : paragraph 77
Directive 2011/92 -N4PT4 : paragraphs 10, 11, 82
Court of Justice - Judgment C -237/07 : paragraph 46
Court of Justice - Judgment C -115/09 -N45 : paragraph 57
Court of Justice - Judgment C -72/12 -N49 : paragraph 58
Court of Justice - Judgment C -72/12 -N50 : paragraph 59
Court of Justice - Judgment C -72/12 -N51 : paragraph 59
Court of Justice - Judgment C -461/13 : paragraphs 39 - 41
Court of Justice - Judgment C -461/13 -N37 : paragraph 71
Court of Justice - Judgment C -461/13 -N38 : paragraph 71
Court of Justice - Judgment C -461/13 -N39 : paragraph 68
Court of Justice - Judgment C -461/13 -N41 : paragraph 71
Court of Justice - Judgment C -461/13 -N43 : paragraph 72
Court of Justice - Judgment C -461/13 -N47 : paragraph 74
Court of Justice - Judgment C -461/13 -N48 : paragraph 74
Court of Justice - Judgment C -461/13 -N50 : paragraph 74
Court of Justice - Judgment C -461/13 -N61 : paragraph 96
Court of Justice - Judgment C -461/13 -N63 : paragraph 97
Court of Justice - Judgment C -461/13 -N64 : paragraph 99
Court of Justice - Judgment C -461/13 -N66 : paragraph 100
Court of Justice - Judgment C -461/13 -N67 : paragraph 101
Court of Justice - Judgment C -461/13 -N70 : paragraph 92
Court of Justice - Judgment C -570/13 -N33 : paragraph 55
Court of Justice - Judgment C -570/13 -N40 : paragraph 57
Court of Justice - Judgment C -137/14 : paragraph 45
Court of Justice - Judgment C -137/14 -N33 : paragraph 57
Court of Justice - Judgment C -243/15 : paragraphs 45, 46
Court of Justice - Judgment C -529/15 -N36 : paragraph 75
Court of Justice - Judgment C -529/15 -N39 : paragraph 75
Court of Justice - Judgment C -664/15 : paragraphs 45, 46
Court of Justice - Judgment C -117/17 -N24 : paragraph 77
Court of Justice - Judgment C -117/17 -N25 : paragraph 78
Court of Justice - Judgment C -197/18 -N30 : paragraph 121
Court of Justice - Judgment C -197/18 -N31 : paragraph 122
Court of Justice - Judgment C -197/18 -N32 : paragraph 123
Court of Justice - Judgment C -197/18 -N35 : paragraph 125
Court of Justice - Judgment C -197/18 -N40 : paragraph 132
Court of Justice - Judgment C -197/18 -N41 : paragraph 133
Court of Justice - Judgment C -197/18 -N42 : paragraph 132

Operative part

Interprets : Directive 2011/92 -A11P1LB
Interprets : Directive 2000/60 -A04
Interprets : Directive 2011/92 -A06
Interprets : Directive 2000/60 -A04P1
Interprets : Directive 2000/60 -A04P1LBPTI
Interprets : Directive 2000/60 -A03P1LB
Interprets : Directive 2006/118 -A03P1
Interprets : Directive 2000/60 -A01L1LB
Interprets : Directive 2000/60 -A01L2
Interprets : Directive 2000/60 -A04P1LB
Interprets : TEU, Article 19

Opinion

EC Treaty (Maastricht), Article 175 : point 45
Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU (2007), Article 47 : points 26, 34, 37, 72
Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU (2007), Article 51 -P1 : point 25
Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU (2007), Article 52 -P1 : point 37
TFEU, Article 191 -P2 : point 45
TFEU, Article 288 : points 20, 70
TEU, Article 19 : point 20
Agreement with Third Countries or International Bodies - 22005A0517(01) : points 25, 37, 49
Agreement with Third Countries or International Bodies - 22005A0517(01) -A06 : point 50
Agreement with Third Countries or International Bodies - 22005A0517(01) -A09P2 : points 24, 33, 34
Agreement with Third Countries or International Bodies - 22005A0517(01) -A09P2L2 : points 28, 73
Agreement with Third Countries or International Bodies - 22005A0517(01) -A09P3 : point 25
Directive 85/337 : point 24
Directive 85/337 -A10BIS : point 24
Directive 92/43 : points 25, 43
Directive 92/43 -A06P3 : points 41, 42, 44
Directive 92/43 -A06P3SNT2 : point 45
Directive 96/61 : point 24
Directive 2000/60 : points 3, 48, 55, 72
Directive 2000/60 -A01 : points 44, 69
Directive 2000/60 -A01LD : point 71
Directive 2000/60 -A02PT17 : points 6, 57, 65
Directive 2000/60 -A02PT19 : points 6, 57
Directive 2000/60 -A02PT25 : points 7, 59, 64
Directive 2000/60 -A02PT28 : point 59
Directive 2000/60 -A02PT33 : point 71
Directive 2000/60 -A04 : points 19, 44, 63, 64, 68 - 70, 75 - 77
Directive 2000/60 -A04P1 : points 45, 47
Directive 2000/60 -A04P1LA : point 8
Directive 2000/60 -A04P1LAPT1 : points 1, 20, 39, 42, 43, 46, 52 - 54, 56 - 58, 60, 77
Directive 2000/60 -A04P1LAPT2 : points 1, 20, 39, 42, 43, 46, 52, 57, 77
Directive 2000/60 -A04P1LAPT3 : points 1, 20, 39, 42, 43, 46, 52, 77
Directive 2000/60 -A04P1LBPT1 : points 20, 56 - 58, 60, 66, 77
Directive 2000/60 -A04P1LBPT2 : point 57
Directive 2000/60 -A04P5LC : point 61
Directive 2000/60 -A04P7 : point 47
Directive 2000/60 -A06 : point 63
Directive 2000/60 -A07 : point 63
Directive 2000/60 -C11 : points 44, 45, 69
Directive 2000/60 -C19 : points 44, 69
Directive 2000/60 -C24 : point 71
Directive 2000/60 -C27 : points 44, 69
Directive 2000/60 -C46 : point 50
Directive 2000/60 -N5 : points 57, 58, 60
Directive 2000/60 -N5TAB2.1.2 : point 59
Directive 2000/60 -N5TAB2.3.2 : points 7, 59, 64, 66, 77
Directive 2003/35 -C5 : point 24
Directive 2006/118 : point 64
Directive 2006/118 -A03P1 : point 65
Directive 2006/118 -N1 : points 65, 66, 77
Directive 2006/118 -N2 : point 66
Directive 2006/118 -N2PARTA : point 65
Directive 2006/118 -N2PARTB : point 65
Directive 2011/92 : points 25, 30, 49
Directive 2011/92 -A06 : points 1, 4, 20, 35, 38, 40, 48, 50
Directive 2011/92 -A11 : points 1, 27, 29, 30, 34
Directive 2011/92 -A11P1 : points 5, 23
Directive 2011/92 -A11P1LB : points 20, 22, 36, 38, 77
Directive 2011/92 -A11P3 : points 28, 33, 73
Court of Justice - Judgment C -127/02 -N53 : point 41
Court of Justice - Judgment C -127/02 -N55 : points 41, 43
Court of Justice - Judgment C -127/02 -N57 : point 43
Court of Justice - Judgment C -127/02 -N58 : point 45
Court of Justice - Judgment C -127/02 -N59 : point 45
Court of Justice - Judgment C -237/07 -N37 : point 71
Court of Justice - Judgment C -115/09 -N37 : point 30
Court of Justice - Judgment C -115/09 -N45 : point 33
Court of Justice - Judgment C -165/09 -N94 : point 71
Court of Justice - Judgment C -240/09 -N52 : point 25
Court of Justice - Judgment C -258/11 -N41 : point 45
Court of Justice - Judgment C -260/11 -N26 : point 24
Court of Justice - Judgment C -72/12 -N28 : points 25, 49
Court of Justice - Judgment C -72/12 -N36 : point 30
Court of Justice - Judgment C -72/12 -N47 : point 30
Court of Justice - Judgment C -72/12 -N48 : point 31
Court of Justice - Judgment C -72/12 -N49 : point 32
Court of Justice - Judgment C -72/12 -N50 : point 32
Court of Justice - Judgment C -72/12 -N51 : point 32
Court of Justice - Judgment C -72/12 -N52 : point 32
Court of Justice - Judgment C -72/12 -N53 : point 32
Court of Justice - Judgment C -72/12 -N57 : point 32
Court of Justice - Judgment C -404/13 -N55 : point 71
Court of Justice - Judgment C -461/13 -N39 : point 57
Court of Justice - Judgment C -461/13 -N51 : point 43
Court of Justice - Judgment C -461/13 -N61 : point 60
Court of Justice - Judgment C -461/13 -N63 : point 67
Court of Justice - Judgment C -461/13 -N64 : point 61
Court of Justice - Judgment C -461/13 -N66 : point 62
Court of Justice - Judgment C -461/13 -N67 : point 63
Court of Justice - Judgment C -461/13 -N70 : point 54
Court of Justice - Judgment C -570/13 -N38 : points 27, 34, 73
Court of Justice - Judgment C -570/13 -N39 : points 28, 73
Court of Justice - Judgment C -570/13 -N40 : points 27, 34, 73
Court of Justice - Judgment C -137/14 -N33 : point 33
Court of Justice - Judgment C -137/14 -N47 : point 30
Court of Justice - Judgment C -137/14 -N58 : point 30
Court of Justice - Judgment C -137/14 -N91 : point 33
Court of Justice - Judgment C -243/15 -N42 : point 41
Court of Justice - Judgment C -243/15 -N43 : point 44
Court of Justice - Judgment C -243/15 -N45 : point 24
Court of Justice - Judgment C -529/15 -N38 : point 47
Court of Justice - Judgment C -529/15 -N39 : point 47
Court of Justice - Judgment C -664/15 -N31 : point 43
Court of Justice - Judgment C -664/15 -N33 : points 44, 69
Court of Justice - Judgment C -664/15 -N34 : point 70
Court of Justice - Judgment C -664/15 -N44 : point 25
Court of Justice - Judgment C -664/15 -N45 : points 26, 34
Court of Justice - Judgment C -664/15 -N87 : point 72
Court of Justice - Opinion C -196/16 -N26 : point 50
Court of Justice - Judgment C -441/17 -N118 : point 45
Court of Justice - Opinion C -197/18 -N32 : point 74
Court of Justice - Opinion C -197/18 -N54 : point 74

Dates

Date of the lodging of the application initiating proceedings

16/08/2018

Date of the Opinion

12/11/2019

Date of the hearing

Information not available

Date of delivery

28/05/2020

References

Publication in the Official Journal

Information not available

Name of the parties

Land Nordrhein-Westfalen

Notes on Academic Writings

Bassani, Vincent: Environnement - Évaluation des incidences, Europe 2020, n° 7 Juillet, Comm. 235 (FR)
Thieffry, Patrick: X. Environnement - Cour de justice, 1re ch., 28 mai 2020, Land Nordrhein-Westfalen, aff. C-535/18, ECLI:EU:C:2020:391, Jurisprudence de la CJUE 2020. Décisions et commentaires (Ed. Bruylant - Bruxelles) 2021, p. 572-577 (FR)

Procedural Analysis Information

Source of the question referred for a preliminary ruling

Bundesverwaltungsgericht - Germany

Subject-matter

Environment
Approximation of laws

Provisions of national law referred to

Information not available

Provisions of international law referred to

Information not available

Procedure and result

Reference for a preliminary ruling

Formation of the Court

première chambre (Cour)

Judge-Rapporteur

Bonichot

Advocate General

Hogan

Language(s) of the Case

German

Language(s) of the Opinion

English