Reports of Cases

2011 I-09773

Subject-matter

Reference for a preliminary ruling – Hoge Raad der Nederlanden – Interpretation of Article 1 of Council Regulation (EC) No 44/2001 of 22 December 2000 on jurisdiction and the recognition and enforcement of judgments in civil and commercial matters (OJ 2001 L 12, p. 1) and of Article 14 of Directive 2004/48/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 29 April 2004 on the enforcement of intellectual property rights (OJ 2004 L 157, p. 45) – Concept of civil and commercial matters – Breach of the injunction issued by a German court against importing certain pesticides into Germany or marketing them there – Fine – Enforcement of the order imposing that fine – Enforcement proceedings relating to costs orders made abroad in respect of penalties or fines for breach of an injunction against infringement of an intellectual property right

Systematic classification scheme

Citations of case-law or legislation

References in grounds of judgment

• Regulation 44/2001 -A01 : paragraphs 1, 35, 37, 39, 41, 42, 44
• Regulation 44/2001 -A01P1 : paragraph 6
• Regulation 44/2001 -A01P2 : paragraph 6
• Regulation 44/2001 -A32 : paragraph 7
• Regulation 44/2001 -A34 : paragraph 8
• Regulation 44/2001 -A43 : paragraph 9
• Regulation 44/2001 -C6 : paragraph 3
• Regulation 44/2001 -C7 : paragraph 3
• Regulation 44/2001 -C16 : paragraph 4
• Regulation 44/2001 -C17 : paragraph 4
• Regulation 44/2001 -C19 : paragraphs 5, 38
• Directive 2004/48 : paragraph 49
• Directive 2004/48 -A01 : paragraphs 12, 46
• Directive 2004/48 -A02P1 : paragraphs 13, 46
• Directive 2004/48 -A03 : paragraphs 14, 46
• Directive 2004/48 -A14 : paragraphs 1, 15, 45, 48, 50
• Directive 2004/48 -C3 : paragraph 10
• Directive 2004/48 -C8 : paragraph 11
• Directive 2004/48 -C9 : paragraph 11
• Directive 2004/48 -C10 : paragraphs 11, 47
• Directive 2004/48 -C11 : paragraphs 11, 47
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -143/78 : paragraph 40
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -391/95 : paragraph 40
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -420/07 : paragraph 39
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -292/08 : paragraph 38

Operative part

• Interprets : Directive 2001/44 -A01
• Interprets : Directive 2004/48 -A14

Opinion

• Regulation 44/2001 : points 3, 38, 40, 41, 53
  
• Regulation 44/2001 -A01 : points 34, 41, 48, 60, 73, 74, 79, 89, 91
  
• Regulation 44/2001 -A01P1 : point 7
  
• Regulation 44/2001 -A32 : point 8
  
• Regulation 44/2001 -A34PT2 : point 9
  
• Regulation 44/2001 -A38 : points 74, 77, 78
  
• Regulation 44/2001 -A38P1 : point 10
  
• Regulation 44/2001 -A49 : points 11, 72
  
• Regulation 44/2001 -C6 : point 4
  
• Regulation 44/2001 -C7 : point 4
  
• Regulation 44/2001 -C16 : point 5
  
• Regulation 44/2001 -C17 : point 5
  
• Regulation 44/2001 -C19 : point 6
  
• Directive 2004/48 : points 83, 88
  
• Directive 2004/48 -A01 : points 15, 83
  
• Directive 2004/48 -A02P1 : point 16
  
• Directive 2004/48 -A14 : points 17, 34, 80, 81, 83, 84, 87, 89 - 91
  
• Directive 2004/48 -A41 : point 82
  
• Directive 2004/48 -A45 : point 82
  
• Directive 2004/48 -C1 : point 83
  
• Directive 2004/48 -C2 : point 83
  
• Directive 2004/48 -C3 : point 83
  
• Directive 2004/48 -C7 : point 83
  
• Directive 2004/48 -C8 : points 13, 83
  
• Directive 2004/48 -C9 : points 13, 83
  
• Directive 2004/48 -C10 : point 13
  
• Directive 2004/48 -C11 : point 14
  
• Brussels Convention 1968 -A01 : points 41, 50
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -29/76 : points 41, 51, 53
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -143/78 : point 47
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -814/79 : points 41, 53
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -190/89 : point 54
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -261/90 : point 47
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -172/91 : points 41, 53
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -129/92 : point 54
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -474/93 : point 76
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -391/95 : point 47
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -267/97 : point 77
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -271/00 : points 51, 53
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -266/01 : points 51, 53
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -265/02 : point 52
  
• Court of Justice - Opinion C -292/05 : point 53
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -292/05 : points 41, 51, 53
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -420/07 : points 52, 53, 77
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -533/07 : point 41
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -167/08 : points 40, 41, 89
  

Dates

Date of the lodging of the application initiating proceedings

• 21/10/2009

Date of the Opinion

• 05/04/2011

Date of the hearing

Information not available

Date of delivery

18/10/2011

References

Publication in the Official Journal

Application: OJ C 312 from 19.12.2009, p.25

Judgment: OJ C 362 from 10.12.2011, p.4

Name of the parties

Realchemie Nederland

Notes on Academic Writings

1. Idot, Laurence: Notion de « matière civile et commerciale », Europe 2011 Décembre Comm. nº 12 p.498 (FR)
2. Polak, M.V.: Nederlandse jurisprudentie ; Uitspraken in burgerlijke en strafzaken 2012 nº 19 (NL)
3. Mankowski, Peter: Vollstreckbarerklärung von EU-ausländischen Ordnungsgeldbeschlüssen zur Durchsetzung gerichtlicher Entscheidungen in Zivil- und Handelssachen ("Realchemie/Bayer CropScience"), Entscheidungen zum Wirtschaftsrecht 2012 p.85-86 (DE)
4. Schröler, Philipp Roman: Vollstreckung und Durchsetzung von Unterlassungsverfügungen im EU-Ausland, Wettbewerb in Recht und Praxis 2012 p.185-187 (DE)
5. Bittmann, David-Christoph: Die Vollstreckbarerklärung von Ordnungsgeldbeschlüssen gemäß § 890 ZPO nach der EuGVVO, Zeitschrift für Gemeinschaftsprivatrecht 2012 p.84-87 (DE)
6. Eijsvogels, F.W.E.: Intellectuele eigendom & Reclamerecht 2012 p.200-202 (NL)
7. Anthimos, Apostolos: DEvre 18.10.2011 (ipoth. 406/09) - Realchemie Nederland BV k. / Bayer CropScience AG, Armenopoulos 2012 p.1004 (EL)
8. De Miguel Asensio, Pedro Alberto: Ejecución de una multa coercitiva por infracción de una orden de cesación - Sentencia del Tribunal de Justicia de la Unión Europea (Gran Sala), de 18 de octubre de 2011, asunto C-406/09, Realchemie Nederland BV c. Bayer CropScience AG, Revista española de Derecho Internacional 2012 nº 1 p.180-184 (ES)
9. Pilloni, Monica: La circolazione comunitaria delle astreintes (anche quando la sanzione pecuniaria è destinata allo Stato e non al creditore), Int'l Lis 2013 p.36-44 (IT)
10. Sladič, Jorg: Evropska izterjava in zavarovanje terjatev s prikazom postopka v sloveniji in avstriji, Pravosodni bilten 2019 nº 3 p.9-35 (SL)

Procedural Analysis Information

Source of the question referred for a preliminary ruling

Hoge Raad der Nederlanden - Netherlands

Subject-matter

• area of freedom, security and justice
  
• - Judicial cooperation in civil matters
  
• Approximation of laws
  

Provisions of national law referred to

Zivilprozessordnung (ZPO), Paragraph 890 Noord-Brabants Provinciaal Milieubeleidsplan, art. 1019h

Provisions of international law referred to

Information not available

Procedure and result

• Reference for a preliminary ruling
  

Formation of the Court

grande chambre (Cour)

Judge-Rapporteur

Berger

Advocate General

Mengozzi

Language(s) of the Case

• Dutch
  

Language(s) of the Opinion

• French