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Judgment of the Court (First Chamber) of 6 May 2021

Bayer CropScience AG and Bayer AG v European Commission

Appeal – Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009 – Articles 4 and 21 – Criteria for approval – Review of approval – Plant protection products – Implementing Regulation (EU) No 485/2013 – Active substances clothianidin and imidacloprid – Seeds treated with plant protection products containing those active substances – Prohibition of non-professional use – Precautionary principle

Case C-499/18 P

(Appeal Case before the General Court T-429/13)

Documents in the Case

Document

Date

Name of the parties

Subject-matter

Curia

EUR-Lex

Autres Liens

Judgment (OJ)

25/06/2021

Bayer CropScience and Bayer v Commission

Agriculture and Fisheries
- Plant health legislation

Judgment
ECLI:EU:C:2021:367

06/05/2021

Bayer CropScience and Bayer v Commission

Agriculture and Fisheries
- Plant health legislation

Order
ECLI:EU:C:2019:217

13/03/2019

Bayer CropScience and Bayer v Commission

Agriculture and Fisheries
- Plant health legislation

Order
ECLI:EU:C:2019:107

07/02/2019

Bayer CropScience and Bayer v Commission

Agriculture and Fisheries
- Plant health legislation

Order
ECLI:EU:C:2018:785

25/09/2018

Bayer CropScience and Bayer v Commission

Agriculture and Fisheries
- Plant health legislation

Opinion
ECLI:EU:C:2020:735

17/09/2020

Bayer CropScience and Bayer v Commission

Agriculture and Fisheries
- Plant health legislation

Legal analysis of the decision or of the case

Reports of Cases

not yet published (Court Reports - general)

Subject-matter

Information not available

Systematic classification scheme

4 Internal policy of the European Union
  4.11 Approximation of laws
    4.11.15 Chemicals
      4.11.15.04 Plant protection products

1 The legal order of the European Union
  1.01 Sources of EU law
    1.01.02 General principles of law
      1.01.02.11 Precautionary principle

4 Internal policy of the European Union
  4.11 Approximation of laws
    4.11.15 Chemicals
      4.11.15.04 Plant protection products

Citations of case-law or legislation

References in grounds of judgment

TFEU - Protocol No 3 -A56 : paragraph 43
Directive 91/414 : paragraph 2
Directive 91/414 -A04P1 : paragraph 3
Directive 91/414 -A05 : paragraph 4
Directive 91/414 -N1 : paragraphs 3, 14, 15
Regulation 1107/2009 : paragraphs 5, 14, 75, 116, 126, 137, 175
Regulation 1107/2009 -A04 : paragraphs 8, 58, 67 - 69, 104, 112, 130, 131, 164, 165, 168
Regulation 1107/2009 -A07P1 : paragraph 130
Regulation 1107/2009 -A07P1L1 : paragraph 9
Regulation 1107/2009 -A12P2 : paragraph 65
Regulation 1107/2009 -A12P2L2 : paragraphs 10, 67
Regulation 1107/2009 -A21 : paragraphs 11, 18, 62, 79, 93, 94, 115, 129, 136, 171
Regulation 1107/2009 -A21P1 : paragraphs 28, 35, 45, 48, 99, 103, 118, 119, 134
Regulation 1107/2009 -A21P1L1SNT1 : paragraphs 50, 55, 132
Regulation 1107/2009 -A21P1L1SNT2 : paragraph 50
Regulation 1107/2009 -A21P1L2 : paragraph 68
Regulation 1107/2009 -A21P2 : paragraphs 87, 147
Regulation 1107/2009 -A21P3 : paragraphs 28, 35, 57, 60, 68, 70, 73, 82, 85, 92, 95, 98, 99, 104, 105, 110, 112, 119, 121, 122, 130, 164, 166, 169, 170, 176
Regulation 1107/2009 -A28P1 : paragraph 7
Regulation 1107/2009 -A29P1LA : paragraph 7
Regulation 1107/2009 -A69 : paragraphs 13, 85, 110, 122
Regulation 1107/2009 -A78P3 : paragraph 14
Regulation 1107/2009 -C8 : paragraphs 6, 70
Regulation 1107/2009 -C16 : paragraphs 6, 52
Regulation 1107/2009 -N2PT3.8.3 : paragraphs 12, 58, 65, 66, 138, 140, 168, 171
Regulation 540/2011 -NPARTA : paragraphs 14, 15
Court of Justice - Rules of Procedure (2012) -A169P2 : paragraph 122
Regulation 485/2013 : paragraphs 1, 24, 27, 30, 37, 39, 41, 75, 87, 128, 131, 158, 167, 174, 175
Regulation 485/2013 -A01 : paragraph 25
Regulation 485/2013 -A02 : paragraph 26
Regulation 485/2013 -N2 : paragraph 26
Regulation 783/2018 : paragraphs 38, 39
Regulation 784/2018 : paragraphs 38, 39
Court of Justice - Judgment C -343/09 -N45 : paragraph 166
Court of Justice - Judgment C -15/10 -N128 : paragraph 82
Court of Justice - Judgment C -15/10 -N129 : paragraph 82
Court of Justice - Judgment C -149/12 -N32 : paragraph 40
Court of Justice - Judgment C -239/12 -N62 : paragraph 40
General Court - Judgment T -429/13 : paragraphs 1 - 178
Court of Justice - Judgment C -33/14 -N69 : paragraph 40
Court of Justice - Judgment C -419/17 -N87 : paragraph 54
Court of Justice - Judgment C -616/17 -N43 : paragraph 80
Court of Justice - Judgment C -616/17 -N44 : paragraph 79
Court of Justice - Judgment C -616/17 -N99 : paragraph 51
Court of Justice - Opinion C -499/18 : paragraphs 37, 39, 52, 94, 130, 147, 152
Court of Justice - Order C -605/19 -N49 : paragraph 36

Operative part

Confirms : General Court - Judgment T -429/13
Confirms : General Court - Judgment T -451/13

Opinion

Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU (2007), Article 35 : point 80
Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU (2007), Article 37 : point 80
Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU (2007), Article 41 -P2LA : point 118
Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU (2007), Article 47 : point 90
TFEU - Protocol No 3 -A36 : point 89
TFEU - Protocol No 3 -A53L1 : point 89
TFEU - Protocol No 3 -A56 : points 57, 69
TFEU - Protocol No 3 -A61P1 : point 188
TFEU, Article 114 -P3 : point 80
TFEU, Article 168 -P112008E00912008E114 : point 80
TFEU, Article 191 -P2 : points 56, 104, 108
TFEU, Article 191 -P3T3 : point 171
TEU, Article 3 -P3 : point 80
Directive 91/414 : points 4, 79, 144
Directive 91/414 -N1 : point 15
Regulation 1829/2003 -A34 : point 139
Directive 2006/41 : point 15
Directive 2008/116 : point 15
Directive 2009/128 -C17 : point 166
Regulation 1107/2009
: point 47
Regulation 1107/2009 : point 1
Regulation 1107/2009 -A01P332009R1107 : point 80
Regulation 1107/2009 -A0432009R1107 : point 44
Regulation 1107/2009 -A04P1 : point 5
Regulation 1107/2009 -A04P2LA32009R1107
-A04P3LE : point 45
Regulation 1107/2009 -A04P2LB32009R1107 : point 134
Regulation 1107/2009 -A11P332009R1107 : point 121
Regulation 1107/2009 -A1532009R1107 : point 121
Regulation 1107/2009 -A2132009R1107 : point 139
Regulation 1107/2009 -A21P332009R1107 : point 138
Regulation 1107/2009 -A6932009R1107 : point 115
Regulation 1107/2009 -C632009R1107
C1132009R1107 -C14 : point 49
Regulation 1107/2009 -C832009R1107 : point 104
Regulation 1107/2009 -C832009R1107 : point 45
Regulation 1107/2009 -A03P25 : point 166
Regulation 1107/2009 -A04 : points 7, 8, 46, 74, 81, 84, 85, 92, 98, 116, 122, 132, 134, 138, 149, 151, 174
Regulation 1107/2009 -A4 : point 73
Regulation 1107/2009 -A07 : points 7, 151
Regulation 1107/2009 -A07P1 : point 150
Regulation 1107/2009 -A12P2 : points 8, 85, 91, 92
Regulation 1107/2009 -A21 : points 11, 26, 43, 64, 91, 105, 112, 120, 121
Regulation 1107/2009 -A21P1 : points 72, 74, 77, 80, 125, 133
Regulation 1107/2009 -A21P1L1SNT1 : points 73, 76
Regulation 1107/2009 -A21P1L1SNT2 : point 73
Regulation 1107/2009 -A21P1L2 : points 73, 118
Regulation 1107/2009 -A21P1SNT1 : point 44
Regulation 1107/2009 -A21P2 : points 82, 102, 156
Regulation 1107/2009 -A21P2SNT1 : point 84
Regulation 1107/2009 -A21P3 : points 46, 50, 51, 81, 84, 98, 111, 125, 132, 133, 140, 142, 173
Regulation 1107/2009 -A53 : point 184
Regulation 1107/2009 -A53P1 : point 13
Regulation 1107/2009 -A69 : points 14, 112
Regulation 1107/2009 -C8 : point 48
Regulation 1107/2009 -C16 : points 12, 81
Regulation 1107/2009 -N2PT1.3 : point 9
Regulation 1107/2009 -N2PT3.8.3. : points 10, 105, 134, 174
Regulation 1107/2009 -N2PT3.8.3 : points 85, 91, 92, 100
Directive 2010/21 : point 23
Regulation 540/2011 : point 197
Court of Justice - Rules of Procedure (2012) -A138P1 : point 191
Court of Justice - Rules of Procedure (2012) -A138P3STN1 : point 191
Court of Justice - Rules of Procedure (2012) -A140P3 : point 196
Court of Justice - Rules of Procedure (2012) -A184P1 : point 191
Court of Justice - Rules of Procedure (2012) -A184P2 : point 190
Court of Justice - Rules of Procedure (2012) -A184P4 : point 194
Regulation 485/2013 : points 1, 197
Regulation 485/2013 -C16 : point 110
Secondary Legislation - Internal Act of the Institutions - 32015Q0423(01) -A174 : point 69
Secondary Legislation - Internal Act of the Institutions - 32015Q0423(01) -A134P3STN1 : point 191
Secondary Legislation - Internal Act of the Institutions - 32015Q0423(01) -A138P3 : point 195
Secondary Legislation - Internal Act of the Institutions - 32015Q0423(01) -A170P1SNT2 : point 113
Regulation 783/2018 : point 33
Regulation 784/2018 : point 33
Commission - COM Document (Other than Draft Legislation) - 52000DC0001 : point 55
Court of Justice - Judgment C -42/59 : point 46
Court of Justice - Judgment C -54/77 -N38 : point 46
Court of Justice - Judgment C -92/78 -N32 : point 61
Court of Justice - Judgment C -166/78 -N14 : point 177
Court of Justice - Judgment C -92/82 -N2 : point 69
Court of Justice - Judgment C -294/83 -N15 : point 69
Court of Justice - Judgment C -294/83 -N16 : point 69
Court of Justice - Judgment C -294/83 -N17 : point 69
Court of Justice - Judgment C -294/83 -N18 : point 69
Court of Justice - Judgment C -53/85 -N21 : point 61
Court of Justice - Judgment C -136/92 -N59 : point 114
Court of Justice - Judgment C -285/94 -N23 : point 177
Court of Justice - Judgment C -157/96 -N63 : point 107
Court of Justice - Judgment C -157/96 -N64 : point 107
Court of Justice - Judgment C -315/96 -N28 : points 141, 144
Court of Justice - Judgment C -315/96 -N29 : point 144
Court of Justice - Judgment C -310/97 -N52 : point 66
Court of Justice - Judgment C -310/97 -N53 : point 66
Court of Justice - Judgment C -310/97 -N54 : point 66
Court of Justice - Judgment C -310/97 -N55 : point 66
Court of Justice - Judgment C -175/98 -N51 : point 108
Court of Justice - Judgment C -318/98 -N37 : point 108
General Court - Judgment T -13/99 -N119 : point 56
General Court - Judgment T -67/00 -N47 : point 69
General Court - Judgment T -67/00 -N48 : point 69
General Court - Judgment T -67/00 -N49 : point 69
General Court - Judgment T -67/00 -N50 : point 69
General Court - Judgment T -74/00 -N192 : point 131
General Court - Judgment T -74/00 -N195 : point 131
Court of Justice - Judgment C -192/01 -N51 : point 106
Court of Justice - Judgment C -192/01 -N52 : point 107
Court of Justice - Judgment C -236/01 -N106 : point 157
Court of Justice - Judgment C -236/01 -N111 : point 107
Court of Justice - Judgment C -236/01 -N112 : point 107
Court of Justice - Judgment C -494/01 -N165 : point 108
Court of Justice - Judgment C -189/02 -N165 : point 114
General Court - Judgment T -259/02 -N72 : point 69
General Court - Judgment T -259/02 -N73 : point 69
General Court - Judgment T -259/02 -N74 : point 69
Court of Justice - Judgment C -310/04 -N122 : point 176
Court of Justice - Judgment C -310/04 -N123 : point 176
Court of Justice - Judgment C -243/05 -N73 : point 177
Court of Justice - Judgment C -326/05 -N75 : points 51, 92
Court of Justice - Judgment C -326/05 -N76 : points 51, 52
Court of Justice - Judgment C -326/05 -N77 : points 52, 92
Court of Justice - Judgment C -362/05 -N42 : point 58
Court of Justice - Judgment C -362/05 -N50 : point 61
Court of Justice - Judgment C -439/05 -N32 : point 156
Court of Justice - Judgment C -3/06 -N46 : point 89
Court of Justice - Judgment C -14/06 -N75 : point 56
Court of Justice - Judgment C -176/06 -N18 : point 57
Court of Justice - Judgment C -405/07 -N67 : point 156
Court of Justice - Judgment C -58/08 -N55 : point 177
Court of Justice - Judgment C -58/08 -N58 : point 177
Court of Justice - Judgment C -58/08 -N65 : point 177
Court of Justice - Judgment C -333/08 -N91 : point 157
Court of Justice - Judgment C -333/08 -N93 : point 107
Court of Justice - Judgment C -446/08 -N70 : point 107
Court of Justice - Order C -517/08 -N62 : point 51
Court of Justice - Judgment C -77/09 -N55 : points 51, 92
Court of Justice - Judgment C -77/09 -N56 : points 51, 52
Court of Justice - Judgment C -77/09 -N57 : points 52, 92
Court of Justice - Judgment C -77/09 -N58 : point 150
Court of Justice - Judgment C -77/09 -N71 : point 56
Court of Justice - Judgment C -77/09 -N72 : point 56
Court of Justice - Judgment C -77/09 -N73 : point 56
Court of Justice - Judgment C -77/09 -N75 : point 106
Court of Justice - Judgment C -77/09 -N78 : point 157
Court of Justice - Judgment C -77/09 -N79 : point 157
Court of Justice - Judgment C -176/09 -N65 : point 177
Court of Justice - Judgment C -199/09 -N16 : point 141
Court of Justice - Judgment C -343/09 -N33 : point 177
Court of Justice - Judgment C -343/09 -N34 : point 176
Court of Justice - Judgment C -343/09 -N36 : point 177
Court of Justice - Judgment C -343/09 -N37 : point 177
Court of Justice - Judgment C -343/09 -N40 : point 177
Court of Justice - Judgment C -343/09 -N45 : point 172
Court of Justice - Judgment C -343/09 -N60 : points 110, 172
Court of Justice - Judgment C -343/09 -N61 : point 172
Court of Justice - Judgment C -343/09 -N62 : point 172
Court of Justice - Judgment C -343/09 -N64 : point 110
Court of Justice - Judgment C -15/10 -N128 : points 109, 123
Court of Justice - Judgment C -15/10 -N129 : points 56, 109, 123
Court of Justice - Judgment C -58/10 -N76 : point 139
Court of Justice - Judgment C -58/10 -N77 : point 157
Court of Justice - Judgment C -153/10 -N24 : point 141
Court of Justice - Judgment C -249/11 -N77 : point 46
Court of Justice - Order C -584/11 -N73 : point 51
Court of Justice - Judgment C -149/12 -N34 : point 62
Court of Justice - Judgment C -239/12 -N62 : point 61
Court of Justice - Judgment C -239/12 -N63 : point 61
Court of Justice - Judgment C -239/12 -N65 : point 61
Court of Justice - Judgment C -382/12 -N265 : point 194
Court of Justice - Order C -287/13 -N20 : point 176
Court of Justice - Order C -290/13 -N26 : point 176
General Court - Judgment T -429/13 : points 20, 33, 36, 37, 197
General Court - Judgment T -429/13 -N142 : points 117, 125, 130, 143, 144, 146, 147, 151
General Court - Judgment T -429/13 -N160 : points 74, 125
General Court - Judgment T -429/13 -N161 : points 74, 125
General Court - Judgment T -429/13 -N162 : points 74, 82, 125
General Court - Judgment T -429/13 -N170 : point 145
General Court - Judgment T -429/13 -N179 : point 74
General Court - Judgment T -429/13 -N198 : point 146
General Court - Judgment T -429/13 -N233 : point 145
General Court - Judgment T -429/13 -N234 : point 145
General Court - Judgment T -429/13 -N235 : point 145
General Court - Judgment T -429/13 -N236 : point 145
General Court - Judgment T -429/13 -N237 : point 145
General Court - Judgment T -429/13 -N238 : point 145
General Court - Judgment T -429/13 -N239 : point 145
General Court - Judgment T -429/13 -N240 : point 145
General Court - Judgment T -429/13 -N249 : point 86
General Court - Judgment T -429/13 -N306 : point 101
General Court - Judgment T -429/13 -N307 : point 101
General Court - Judgment T -429/13 -N308 : point 101
General Court - Judgment T -429/13 -N309 : point 99
General Court - Judgment T -429/13 -N310 : point 99
General Court - Judgment T -429/13 -N435 : point 119
General Court - Judgment T -429/13 -N442 : point 123
General Court - Judgment T -429/13 -N443 : point 122
General Court - Judgment T -429/13 -N459 : point 170
General Court - Judgment T -429/13 -N460 : point 170
General Court - Judgment T -429/13 -N461 : point 170
General Court - Judgment T -429/13 -N463 : point 184
General Court - Judgment T -429/13 -N468 : point 182
General Court - Judgment T -429/13 -N534 : points 155, 158
General Court - Judgment T -429/13 -N537 : point 159
General Court - Judgment T -429/13 -N538 : point 159
General Court - Judgment T -429/13 -N539 : point 159
General Court - Judgment T -429/13 -N540 : point 159
General Court - Judgment T -429/13 -N541 : point 159
General Court - Judgment T -429/13 -N542 : point 159
General Court - Judgment T -429/13 -N543 : point 159
General Court - Judgment T -429/13 -N544 : points 159, 160
General Court - Judgment T -429/13 -N545 : points 159, 160
General Court - Judgment T -429/13 -N551 : point 165
General Court - Judgment T -429/13 -N552 : point 165
General Court - Judgment T -429/13 -N553 : points 164, 165
General Court - Judgment T -429/13 -N554 : point 165
General Court - Judgment T -429/13 -N555 : point 165
General Court - Judgment T -429/13 -N556 : point 165
General Court - Judgment T -429/13 -N558 : point 164
Court of Justice - Judgment C -477/14 -N64 : point 177
Court of Justice - Judgment C -477/14 -N65 : point 177
Court of Justice - Judgment C -477/14 -N66 : point 177
Court of Justice - Judgment C -595/14 -N16 : point 61
Court of Justice - Judgment C -595/14 -N17 : point 58
Court of Justice - Judgment C -595/14 -N18 : point 61
Court of Justice - Judgment C -282/15 -N60 : point 157
Court of Justice - Opinion C -111/16 -N74 : point 131
Court of Justice - Opinion C -111/16 -N75 : point 131
Court of Justice - Opinion C -111/16 -N76 : point 131
Court of Justice - Opinion C -111/16 -N77 : point 131
Court of Justice - Judgment C -57/16 -N48 : point 61
Court of Justice - Judgment C -78/16 -N48 : point 172
Court of Justice - Judgment C -111/16 -N50 : point 140
Court of Justice - Judgment C -111/16 -N51 : points 139, 157
Court of Justice - Judgment C -111/16 -N52 : points 131, 140
Court of Justice - Judgment C -111/16 -N53 : point 140
Court of Justice - Judgment C -250/16 -N29 : point 114
Court of Justice - Judgment C -492/16 -N48 : point 46
Court of Justice - Judgment C -128/17 -N31 : point 177
Court of Justice - Judgment C -128/17 -N73 : point 176
Court of Justice - Judgment C -411/17 -N134 : point 106
Court of Justice - Judgment C -419/17 -N87 : point 82
Court of Justice - Judgment C -487/17 -N57 : point 106
Court of Justice - Judgment C -611/17 -N57 : point 177
Court of Justice - Judgment C -616/17 -N41 : points 56, 104
Court of Justice - Judgment C -616/17 -N42 : points 56, 80
Court of Justice - Judgment C -616/17 -N43 : points 56, 107
Court of Justice - Judgment C -616/17 -N44 : points 104, 106
Court of Justice - Judgment C -616/17 -N79 : point 150
Court of Justice - Judgment C -616/17 -N92 : point 121
Court of Justice - Judgment C -616/17 -N99 : points 78, 132
Court of Justice - Judgment C -654/17 -N44 : point 57
Court of Justice - Judgment C -674/17 -N66 : point 106
Court of Justice - Opinion C -281/18 -N34 : point 46
Court of Justice - Opinion C -281/18 -N35 : point 46
Court of Justice - Judgment C -19/18 -N31 : point 89
Court of Justice - Judgment C -123/18 -N32 : point 63
Court of Justice - Judgment C -123/18 -N33 : point 63
Court of Justice - Judgment C -212/18 -N58 : point 106
Court of Justice - Judgment C -560/18 -N41 : point 61
Court of Justice - Order C -568/18 -N25 : point 58
Court of Justice - Opinion C -514/19 -N91 : point 115
Court of Justice - Opinion C -514/19 -N92 : point 115

Dates

Date of the lodging of the application initiating proceedings

27/07/2018

Date of the Opinion

17/09/2020

Date of the hearing

Information not available

Date of delivery

06/05/2021

References

Publication in the Official Journal

Information not available

Name of the parties

Bayer CropScience and Bayer v Commission

Notes on Academic Writings

Bassani, Vincent: Environnement - Néonicotinoïdes, Europe 2021, nº 7 Juillet, comm. 267 (FR)
Leonelli, Giulia Claudia: Balancing public health and environmental protection and economic stakes? : Bayer CropScience and the Court’s defence of the EU socially acceptable risk approach : case C-499/18 P, Bayer CropScience and Bayer v. Commission, Common Market Law Review 2021 p. 1845-1874 (EN)

Procedural Analysis Information

Source of the question referred for a preliminary ruling

Information not available

Subject-matter

Agriculture and Fisheries
- Plant health legislation

Provisions of national law referred to

Information not available

Provisions of international law referred to

Information not available

Procedure and result

Actions for annulment
Action for damages
Appeals : dismissal on grounds of inadmissibility
Appeals : dismissal on substantive grounds

Formation of the Court

première chambre (Cour)

Judge-Rapporteur

Bay Larsen

Advocate General

Kokott

Language(s) of the Case

English

Language(s) of the Opinion

German