Reports of Cases

2009 I-11189

Subject-matter

Reference for a preliminary ruling – Administrativen sad Sofia-grad – Interpretation of Article 15(4), (5) and (6) of European Parliament and Council Directive 2008/115/EC of 16 December 2008 on common standards and procedures in Member States for returning illegally staying third-country nationals (OJ 2008 L 348, p. 98) – Exceeding of the maximum period of detention, laid down by Article 15 of that directive, in relation to a third-country national in an irregular situation – Exceeding of that maximum duration at the date of entry into force of the directive, but before the transposition of the latter into national law, which places no time-limits on detention – Application of the rules of the directive after their transposition into national law and absence of retroactive effect for pending cases – Calculation of maximum period of detention not taking account of time elapsing during proceedings challenging the national authorities’ removal decision – Whether exceeding of that duration permissible if based on lack of identification documents and means of subsistence and on the aggressive conduct of the person concerned – Meaning of ‘ reasonable prospect of removal’

Systematic classification scheme

Citations of case-law or legislation

References in grounds of judgment

• EC Treaty (Amsterdam), Article 63 -L1PT3LB : paragraph 3
• Directive 2003/9 : paragraph 45
• Directive 2003/9 -A07 : paragraph 43
• Directive 2003/9 -A21 : paragraph 43
• Regulation 343/2003 -A20P1LD : paragraphs 55, 56
• Directive 2005/85 : paragraph 45
• Directive 2005/85 -A18P1 : paragraph 44
• Directive 2005/85 -A18P2 : paragraph 44
• Directive 2008/115 : paragraphs 3, 37, 45, 70
• Directive 2008/115 -A07P1 : paragraph 42
• Directive 2008/115 -A07P3 : paragraph 42
• Directive 2008/115 -A13P1 : paragraph 50
• Directive 2008/115 -A13P2 : paragraph 50
• Directive 2008/115 -A13P4 : paragraph 5
• Directive 2008/115 -A15 : paragraphs 4, 48
• Directive 2008/115 -A15P1 : paragraph 64
• Directive 2008/115 -A15P4 : paragraphs 1, 58 - 63, 65, 67, 68, 71
• Directive 2008/115 -A15P5 : paragraphs 1, 34 - 36, 38 - 40, 47, 49, 51, 53, 54, 56, 57, 61, 64, 65, 67
• Directive 2008/115 -A15P6 : paragraphs 1, 34 - 36, 38 - 40, 47, 49, 51 - 54, 56, 57, 59 - 62, 65, 67, 68, 69, 71
• Directive 2008/115 -A20 : paragraph 5
• Directive 2008/115 -A22 : paragraph 6
• Directive 2008/115 -C9 : paragraph 41
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -19/08 : paragraphs 55, 56

Operative part

• Interprets : Directive 2008/115 -A15
• Interprets : Directive 2008/115 -A15P4
• Interprets : Directive 2008/115 -A15P5
• Interprets : Directive 2008/115 -A15P6

Opinion

• EC Treaty (Amsterdam), Article 68 -P1 : point 1
  
• EC Treaty (Amsterdam), Article 234 : points 1, 24
  
• Treaty of Nice 2001 - Protocol on the Statute of the Court of Justice -A23BIS : point 1
  
• Directive 2003/9 : point 84
  
• Directive 2003/9 -A07 : point 86
  
• Regulation 343/2003 -A20P1LD : point 76
  
• Directive 2005/85 : points 81, 84
  
• Directive 2005/85 -A18P1 : point 85
  
• Directive 2008/115 : points 32, 36, 48, 52, 64, 88
  
• Directive 2008/115 -A01 : point 52
  
• Directive 2008/115 -A02P1 : point 80
  
• Directive 2008/115 -A15 : points 2, 5, 6, 53, 88
  
• Directive 2008/115 -A15P1 : points 40, 50
  
• Directive 2008/115 -A15P4 : points 1, 37, 39 - 41, 43, 93, 95, 100, 102
  
• Directive 2008/115 -A15P5 : points 1, 47, 49, 50, 53 - 55, 64, 65, 67, 68, 71, 72, 74, 75, 77 - 80, 89, 92, 98
  
• Directive 2008/115 -A15P6 : points 1, 47, 49, 53 - 55, 64, 65, 67, 68, 71, 72, 74, 75, 77 - 80, 89, 92, 98, 100, 102
  
• Directive 2008/115 -A20 : point 7
  
• Directive 2008/115 -A22 : point 31
  
• Directive 2008/115 -C9 : point 81
  
• Directive 2008/115 -C16 : points 40, 51
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -270/84 : point 58
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -80/86 : point 42
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -260/89 : point 52
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -121/91 : point 59
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -129/96 : point 32
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -309/96 : point 52
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -60/98 : point 58
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -107/98 : point 24
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -165/98 : point 42
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -379/98 : point 29
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -162/00 : points 58, 59, 61
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -14/02 : point 32
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -286/02 : point 28
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -144/04 : point 32
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -212/04 : point 33
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -393/04 : point 28
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -154/05 : point 57
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -222/05 : point 24
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -162/06 : point 24
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -188/07 : point 28
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -261/07 : point 33
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -334/07 : point 57
  
• Court of Justice - Judgment C -19/08 : points 76, 77
  

Dates

Date of the lodging of the application initiating proceedings

Information not available

Date of the Opinion

• 10/11/2009

Date of the hearing

Information not available

Date of delivery

30/11/2009

References

Publication in the Official Journal

Application: OJ C 267 from 07.11.2009, p.46

Judgment: OJ C 24 from 30.01.2010, p.17

Name of the parties

Kadzoev

Notes on Academic Writings

1. Flamand, Christine: Revue du droit des étrangers 2009 p.718-719 (FR)
2. Idot, Laurence: Première interprétation de la directive "retour", Europe 2010 Janvier Comm. nº 19 p.22 (FR)
3. Pahladsingh, A.: Snel helderheid van het Hof over de bewaring: het arrest Kadzoev, Nederlands tijdschrift voor Europees recht 2010 p.83-89 (NL)
4. Lutz, Fabian: L'arrêt "Kadzoev": un premier test pour la directive "Retour", Revue du droit de l'Union européenne 2010 nº 2 p. 331-345 (FR)
5. Kauff-Gazin, Fabienne: Pas de rétention sans procédure d'éloignement et pas d'expulsion sans réadmission: comment le droit européen engendre des situations insolubles ... A propos de l'affaire Kadzoev rendue par la Cour de justice des Communautés européennes du 30 novembre 2009, C-357/09 PPU, L'Europe des libertés: revue d'actualité juridique 2010 nº 31 p.2-6 (FR)
6. Cortés Martín, José Manuel: Jurisprudencia del Tribunal de Justicia de la Uníon Europea, Septiembre - Diciembre 2010, Revista de Derecho Comunitario Europeo 2010 nº35 p.257-322 (ES)
7. Cornelisse, Galina: Kadzoev en de scheiding tussen het asiel- en migrantenacquis, Asiel en Migrantenrecht 2010 p.137-142 (NL)
8. Mincheva, Ellitsa: European Journal of Migration and Law 2010 Vol. 12 p.361-371 (EN)
9. Brandl, Ulrike: Dauer der Haft in einem Asylverfahren, Fremden- und asylrechtliche Blätter - FABL 2010 n° 1 p.10-11 (DE)
10. Morelli, Michele: Il trattenimento degli immigrati irregolari ai sensi della "direttiva rimpatri" nella giurisprudenza della Corte di giustizia, Rivista della cooperazione giuridica internazionale 2011 p.113-119 (IT)
11. Cornelisse, G.: Case C-357/09 PPU, proceedings concerning Said Shamilovich Kadzoev (Huchbarov), Judgment of the European Court of Justice (Grand Chamber) of 30 November 2009, Common Market Law Review 2011, Volume 48, Issue 3, p. 925-945 (EN)
12. Natale, Andrea: La direttiva rimpatri, il testo unico immigrazione ed il diritto penale dopo la sentenza El Dridi, Diritto, immigrazione e cittadinanza 2011 (IT)

Procedural Analysis Information

Source of the question referred for a preliminary ruling

Administrativen sad Sofia-grad (Tribunal administratif de Sofia) - Bulgaria

Subject-matter

• area of freedom, security and justice
  
• - Borders, asylum and immigration
  
• - Immigration policy
  

Provisions of national law referred to

Закон за акцизите и данъчните складове (Loi sur les accises et les entrepôts fiscaux), art. 19, al. 1, 41, pt. 1, 44, al. 6 et 8, 46a, al. 3, 4 et 5

Provisions of international law referred to

Information not available

Procedure and result

• Preliminary reference - urgent procedure
  

Formation of the Court

Grande chambre (Cour)

Judge-Rapporteur

Bay Larsen

Advocate General

Mazák

Language(s) of the Case

• Bulgarian
  

Language(s) of the Opinion

• French