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Judgment of the Court (First Chamber) of 17 December 2020

G. M. A. v État belge

Request for a preliminary ruling from the Conseil d'État

Reference for a preliminary ruling – Freedom of movement for persons – Article 45 TFEU – Citizenship of the Union – Directive 2004/38/EC – Right of residence for more than three months – Article 14(4)(b) – Jobseekers – Reasonable period of time to acquaint themselves with potentially suitable employment opportunities and take the necessary steps to obtain employment – Requirements imposed by the host Member State on the jobseeker during that period – Conditions governing the right of residence – Obligation to continue seeking employment and to have a genuine chance of being engaged

Case C-710/19

Documents in the Case

Document

Date

Name of the parties

Subject-matter

Curia

EUR-Lex

Autres Liens

National decision following the preliminary ruling

10/09/2021

G. M. A. (Demandeur d'emploi)

Judgment (OJ)

05/02/2021

G. M. A. (Demandeur d'emploi)

Freedom of movement for persons
- Freedom of movement for workers

Judgment
ECLI:EU:C:2020:1037

17/12/2020

G. M. A. (Demandeur d'emploi)

Freedom of movement for persons
- Freedom of movement for workers

Judgment (Summary)
ECLI:EU:C:2020:1037

17/12/2020

G. M. A. (Demandeur d'emploi)

Freedom of movement for persons
- Freedom of movement for workers

Application (OJ)

08/11/2019

G. M. A. (Demandeur d'emploi)

Freedom of movement for persons
- Freedom of movement for workers

Request for a preliminary ruling

25/09/2019

G. M. A. (Demandeur d'emploi)

Freedom of movement for persons
- Freedom of movement for workers

Opinion
ECLI:EU:C:2020:739

17/09/2020

G. M. A. (Demandeur d'emploi)

Freedom of movement for persons
- Freedom of movement for workers

Legal analysis of the decision or of the case

Reports of Cases

published in the electronic Reports of Cases (Court Reports - general)

Subject-matter

Information not available

Systematic classification scheme

4 Internal policy of the European Union
  4.04 Free movement of persons and services
    4.04.01 Workers
      4.04.01.00 General

Citations of case-law or legislation

References in grounds of judgment

Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU (2007) : paragraph 1
Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU (2007), Article 41 : paragraphs 1, 17, 19, 52
Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU (2007), Article 47 : paragraphs 1, 17, 19, 52
TFEU, Article 21 -P1 : paragraph 41
TFEU, Article 45 : paragraphs 1, 14, 19, 22 - 24, 26, 33, 39, 42, 50, 51, 53
TFEU, Article 45 -P3 : paragraph 25
TFEU, Article 267 : paragraph 21
Regulation 1612/68 : paragraph 1
Directive 2004/38 : paragraph 41
Directive 2004/38 -A06 : paragraphs 28, 30, 31, 35
Directive 2004/38 -A06P1 : paragraph 4
Directive 2004/38 -A07 : paragraphs 6, 29 - 31
Directive 2004/38 -A07P1 : paragraph 5
Directive 2004/38 -A07P3 : paragraphs 5, 14
Directive 2004/38 -A08 : paragraph 6
Directive 2004/38 -A11 : paragraph 14
Directive 2004/38 -A14P1 : paragraphs 7, 30 - 32
Directive 2004/38 -A14P2 : paragraphs 7, 30 - 32
Directive 2004/38 -A14P4 : paragraph 7
Directive 2004/38 -A14P4LB : paragraphs 22, 23, 26, 32 - 34, 38, 43, 47, 50, 51, 53
Directive 2004/38 -A15 : paragraphs 1, 17 - 19, 52
Directive 2004/38 -A16 : paragraph 14
Directive 2004/38 -A31 : paragraphs 1, 17 - 19, 52
Directive 2004/38 -C9 : paragraph 3
Court of Justice - Judgment C -292/89 : paragraphs 14, 33
Court of Justice - Judgment C -292/89 -N11 : paragraph 25
Court of Justice - Judgment C -292/89 -N12 : paragraph 25
Court of Justice - Judgment C -292/89 -N13 : paragraph 26
Court of Justice - Judgment C -292/89 -N16 : paragraph 26
Court of Justice - Judgment C -292/89 -N21 : paragraphs 40, 43
Court of Justice - Judgment C -46/12 -N39 : paragraph 24
Court of Justice - Judgment C -507/12 -N35 : paragraph 24
Court of Justice - Judgment C -67/14 -N52 : paragraph 33
Court of Justice - Judgment C -483/17 -N23 : paragraph 41
Court of Justice - Judgment C -710/18 -N18 : paragraph 21

Operative part

Interprets : TFEU, Article 45
Interprets : Directive 2004/38 -A14P4LB

Opinion

EEC Treaty (Rome), Article 48 : points 32, 35
EEC Treaty (Rome), Article 48 -P1 : point 34
EEC Treaty (Rome), Article 48 -P2 : point 34
EEC Treaty (Rome), Article 48 -P3 : point 34
EC Treaty (Maastricht), Article 39 -P2 : point 61
EC Treaty (Amsterdam), Article 48 : point 38
Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU (2007) : point 16
Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU (2007), Article 41 : points 16, 18
Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU (2007), Article 47 : points 16, 18, 81, 83, 84, 90, 95, 103, 109
Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU (2007), Article 51 -P1 : point 95
TFEU, Article 21 : points 1, 29, 41
TFEU, Article 21 -P1 : point 50
TFEU, Article 45 : points 1, 2, 15, 18, 28 - 32, 35, 37, 38, 43, 45 - 47, 49, 51, 52, 72, 73, 88, 108
TFEU, Article 46 : point 49
TFEU, Article 267 : point 21
Directive 64/221 -A03 : points 101, 102
Regulation 1612/68 : points 2, 34, 64
Directive 2004/38 : points 2, 49, 50, 83
Directive 2004/38 -A03P1 : points 86, 87
Directive 2004/38 -A06 : points 51, 52, 64, 68, 88
Directive 2004/38 -A06P1 : point 5
Directive 2004/38 -A07 : points 52, 88
Directive 2004/38 -A07P1 : point 51
Directive 2004/38 -A07P3 : point 15
Directive 2004/38 -A08 : point 51
Directive 2004/38 -A11 : point 15
Directive 2004/38 -A14 : point 64
Directive 2004/38 -A14P1 : points 51, 88
Directive 2004/38 -A14P2 : points 51, 52, 88
Directive 2004/38 -A14P4 : points 52, 58
Directive 2004/38 -A14P4LB : points 2, 4, 6, 28, 29, 39, 41 - 43, 46, 47, 52, 53, 55, 62 - 65, 67, 69, 70, 73, 75, 76, 78, 88, 89, 91, 106 - 108, 110
Directive 2004/38 -A15 : points 2, 16 - 18, 81, 84 - 88, 90
Directive 2004/38 -A15P1 : points 7, 89, 91
Directive 2004/38 -A16 : points 15, 25
Directive 2004/38 -A30 : point 91
Directive 2004/38 -A31 : points 2, 16 - 18, 81, 84, 85, 90, 91
Directive 2004/38 -A31P1 : points 8, 93 - 95, 102
Directive 2004/38 -A31P3 : points 8, 93, 96, 102
Directive 2004/38 -A31P4 : point 93
Directive 2004/38 -A33P2 : point 101
Directive 2004/38 -C9 : points 63, 69
Directive 2004/38 -C16 : point 63
Court of Justice - Judgment C -48/75 : point 31
Court of Justice - Judgment C -48/75 -N31 : point 32
Court of Justice - Judgment C -53/81 -N9 : point 32
Court of Justice - Judgment C -292/89 : points 15, 29, 31, 33, 38, 39, 42, 47, 63, 67
Court of Justice - Judgment C -292/89 -N11 : point 34
Court of Justice - Judgment C -292/89 -N12 : point 34
Court of Justice - Judgment C -292/89 -N13 : points 34, 45
Court of Justice - Judgment C -292/89 -N16 : points 35, 45
Court of Justice - Judgment C -292/89 -N20 : point 36
Court of Justice - Judgment C -292/89 -N21 : points 36, 53, 55
Court of Justice - Judgment C -292/89 -N22 : points 54, 55
Court of Justice - Judgment C -3/90 -N14 : point 37
Court of Justice - Judgment C -171/91 -N13 : points 35, 36, 45
Court of Justice - Judgment C -171/95 -N32 : point 38
Court of Justice - Judgment C -171/95 -N33 : point 38
Court of Justice - Judgment C -171/95 -N34 : point 38
Court of Justice - Judgment C -344/95 : point 31
Court of Justice - Judgment C -344/95 -N12 : point 38
Court of Justice - Judgment C -344/95 -N13 : point 38
Court of Justice - Judgment C -344/95 -N14 : point 38
Court of Justice - Judgment C -344/95 -N15 : point 38
Court of Justice - Judgment C -344/95 -N16 : point 38
Court of Justice - Judgment C -344/95 -N17 : point 38
Court of Justice - Judgment C -344/95 -N18 : point 38
Court of Justice - Judgment C -344/95 -N19 : point 38
Court of Justice - Judgment C -85/96 -N32 : point 37
Court of Justice - Judgment C -337/97 -N13 : point 37
Court of Justice - Judgment C -482/01 : points 84, 99, 100
Court of Justice - Judgment C -482/01 -N77 : point 102
Court of Justice - Judgment C -482/01 -N80 : point 101
Court of Justice - Judgment C -138/02 : point 61
Court of Justice - Judgment C -138/02 -N37 : point 38
Court of Justice - Judgment C -456/02 -N15 : point 37
Court of Justice - Judgment C -467/02 -N45 : point 101
Court of Justice - Judgment C -467/02 -N46 : point 101
Court of Justice - Judgment C -94/07 -N33 : point 37
Court of Justice - Judgment C -22/08 -N21 : point 59
Court of Justice - Judgment C -22/08 -N22 : point 59
Court of Justice - Judgment C -22/08 -N26 : point 37
Court of Justice - Judgment C -22/08 -N38 : points 59, 61
Court of Justice - Judgment C -22/08 -N39 : point 61
Court of Justice - Judgment C -430/10 -N41 : point 96
Court of Justice - Judgment C -300/11 -N50 : point 95
Court of Justice - Judgment C -46/12 -N39 : point 37
Court of Justice - Judgment C -507/12 -N33 : point 37
Court of Justice - Opinion C -165/14 -N109 : point 37
Court of Justice - Judgment C -71/14 -N58 : point 104
Court of Justice - Judgment C -165/14 -N24 : point 21
Court of Justice - Judgment C -432/14 -N22 : point 37
Court of Justice - Judgment C -316/16 -N94 : point 102
Court of Justice - Judgment C -89/17 -N48 : points 95, 96
Court of Justice - Judgment C -89/17 -N51 : point 97
Court of Justice - Judgment C -483/17 -N23 : point 50
Court of Justice - Opinion C -94/18 : point 93
Court of Justice - Judgment C -94/18 -N82 : point 93
Court of Justice - Judgment C -94/18 -N84 : point 95
Court of Justice - Judgment C -94/18 -N85 : point 96
Court of Justice - Judgment C -924/19 -N179 : point 27

Dates

Date of the lodging of the application initiating proceedings

Information not available

Date of the Opinion

17/09/2020

Date of the hearing

Information not available

Date of delivery

17/12/2020

References

Publication in the Official Journal

Information not available

Name of the parties

G. M. A. (Demandeur d'emploi)

Notes on Academic Writings

Driguez, Laetitia: Circulation des travailleurs - Droit de séjour des citoyens en recherche d'emploi, Europe 2021, nº 2 Février, comm. 60 (FR)
Welsh, Alice: A genuine chance of free movement? Clarifying the “reasonable period of time” and residence conditions for jobseekers in G.M.A. : case C-710/19, G.M.A. v. État belge, Common Market Law Review 2021 p. 1591-1612 (EN)
Voogsgeerd, Herman Hendrik: G.M.A.-arrest: Antonissen revisited of echt een nieuw arrest? : Zaak C-710/19, G.M.A./Belgische Staat, S.E.W. : Tijdschrift voor Europees en economisch recht 2021 p. 432-435 (NL)
Van Achter, Renée ; Roegiers, Jeffrey ; Asselman, Lukas: Een redelijke termijn toekennen aan werkzoekende Unieburgers en het in aanmerking nemen van nieuwe elementen : de werkzoekende Unieburger blijft schip en wal : noot bij HvJ, nr. C-710/19, Tijdschrift voor vreemdelingenrecht 2021 p. 369-379 (NL)
Carlier, Jean-Yves ; Van Malleghem, Pieter-Augustijn: La libre circulation des personnes dans l’Union européenne, Journal de droit européen 2021, nº 4, p. 183-197 (FR)
Babayev, Rufat: Setting out the boundaries of jobseekers’ residence status and beyond : case C-710/19 G.M.A. v État belge, Maastricht Journal of European and Comparative Law 2022 p. 286-297 (EN)

Procedural Analysis Information

Source of the question referred for a preliminary ruling

Conseil d'État - Belgium

Subject-matter

Freedom of movement for persons
- Freedom of movement for workers
Fundamental rights
- Charter of Fundamental Rights
Principles of Union law
Non-discrimination and citizenship of the Union
- Citizenship of the Union
Freedom of movement for persons
- Freedom of establishment
Freedom to provide services

Provisions of national law referred to

Loi du 15/12/1980 sur l'accès au territoire, le séjour, l'établissement et l'éloignement des étrangers, art. 39/2

Provisions of international law referred to

Information not available

Procedure and result

Reference for a preliminary ruling

Formation of the Court

Première chambre (Cour)

Judge-Rapporteur

Silva de Lapuerta

Advocate General

Szpunar

Language(s) of the Case

French

Language(s) of the Opinion

French