Stqarrijiet għall-istampa
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L-Istqarrijiet għall-istampa huma maħsuba sabiex jinformaw, bi stil aċċessibbli, lill-pubbliku b’mod ġenerali u lill-ġurnalisti dwar il-kawżi ta’ interess għall-midja jew li jkollhom impatt fuq il-ħajja taċ-ċittadini. Huma jkopru wkoll l-avvenimenti prinċipali tal-ħajja tal-istituzzjoni.
Il-Qorti tal-Ġustizzja tfassal ukoll
sunti
tal-iktar deċiżjonijiet importanti. Is--sunti huma maħsuba iktar għal membri informati tal-pubbliku, b’mod partikolari għal ġuristi, li jkunu jixtiequ jiksbu ħarsa iktar iddettaljata tad-deċiżjonijiet adottati mill-Qorti tal-Ġustizzja u mill-Qorti Ġenerali.
Nru 206/2024
: 19 ta' Diċembru 2024
Moviment liberu tal-persuni
Organisation of working time: domestic employers must establish a system enabling the duration of the daily working time of each domestic worker to be measured
Nru 205/2024
: 19 ta' Diċembru 2024
Spazju ta’ libertà, sigurtà u ġustizzja
A Member State cannot exclude from the benefit of family allowances a foreign worker whose children, born in a third country, cannot prove that they have entered its territory lawfully
Nru 204/2024
: 19 ta' Diċembru 2024
Ambjent u Konsumaturi
Liability for defective products: a supplier may be considered to be a producer if his or her name is the same as the trade mark put on the product by the manufacturer
Nru 203/2024
: 19 ta' Diċembru 2024
Spazju ta’ libertà, sigurtà u ġustizzja
Protezzjoni temporanja għall-persuni spostati mill-Ukraina: Stat Membru li jkun estenda din il-protezzjoni għal ċerti kategoriji ta’ persuni, lil hinn minn dak li jeħtieġ id-dritt tal-Unjoni, jista’ jirtira l-imsemmija protezzjoni mingħajr ma jistenna tmiem il-protezzjoni temporanja mogħtija skont id-dritt tal-Unjoni
Nru 202/2024
: 19 ta' Diċembru 2024
Moviment liberu tal-kapital
Is-sehem ta' investituri purament finanzjarji f'kumpannija ta’ avukati jista' jiġi pprojbit Nru 201/2024
: 19 ta' Diċembru 2024
Spazju ta’ libertà, sigurtà u ġustizzja
Politika tal-ażil: Is-sospensjoni unilaterali tal-miżuri ta’ trasferiment ta’ applikanti għall-ażil minn Stat Membru responsabbli ma tiġġustifikax waħedha l-konstatazzjoni ta’ difetti sistemiċi
Nru 200/2024
: 18 ta' Diċembru 2024
Relazzjonijiet esterni
Destabilisation of Moldova: the General Court upholds the restrictive measures taken against Mr Shor and Ms Tauber in respect of their role in organising violent demonstrations
Nru 199/2024
: 18 ta' Diċembru 2024
Kuntratti pubbliċi
In order to exclude a company from EU public procurement and grant award procedures, the authorising officer responsible must conduct a specific and individual assessment of the conduct of the operator concerned
Nru 198/2024
: 12 ta' Diċembru 2024
Moviment liberu tal-kapital
Rights of usufruct over agricultural land in Hungary: EU law does not preclude the reinstatement of such rights in accordance with a judgment of the Court of Justice, even where their initial registration was unlawful
Nru 197/2024
: 12 ta' Diċembru 2024
Libertà ta’ stabbiliment
The Court clarifies the rules concerning the independence of a national resolution authority and actions against its decisions in respect of failing financial institutions
Nru 196/2024
: 27 ta' Novembru 2024
Kompetizzjoni
Competition in the field of Euro Interest Rate Derivatives: the General Court confirms the Commission’s amended decision against HSBC
Nru 195/2024
: 27 ta' Novembru 2024
Enerġija
Nord Stream 2 gas pipeline: the General Court dismisses the action by Nord Stream 2 contesting the directive extending the internal market rules on natural gas to cover gas pipelines from third countries
Nru 194/2024
: 19 ta' Novembru 2024
Ċittadinanza Ewropea
Ċittadinanza tal-Unjoni: ir-rifjut liċ-ċittadini tal-Unjoni li jirrisjedu fi Stat Membru mingħajr ma jkunu ċittadini tiegħu tad-dritt li jsiru membri ta’ partit politiku jikser id-dritt tal-Unjoni
Nru 193/2024
: 13 ta' Novembru 2024
Kompetizzjoni
Merger control: the General Court upholds the Commission decision authorising Vodafone’s acquisition of Liberty Global’s telecommunications activities in Germany, the Czech Republic, Hungary and Romania
Nru 192/2024
: 13 ta' Novembru 2024
Proprjetà intellettwali u industrijali
Intellectual property: the figurative sign consisting of the phrase ‘RUSSIAN WARSHIP, GO F* *K yourself’ in Russian and English cannot be registered as an EU trade mark
Nru 191/2024
: 13 ta' Novembru 2024
Proprjetà intellettwali u industrijali
The General Court confirms that Chiquita Brands’s blue and yellow oval is not eligible for protection as an EU trade mark in respect of fresh fruits
Nru 190/2024
: 7 ta' Novembru 2024
Nru 189/2024
: 7 ta' Novembru 2024
Iffaċilitar ta’ dħul mhux awtorizzat ipprovdut bi skop umanitarju : l-Avukat Ġenerali Richard de la Tour iqis li d-Direttiva 2002/90 hija valida u jipprovdi preċiżazzjonijiet dwar ir-rekwiżiti tal-kriminalizzazzjoni fid-dritt tal-Unjoni u fid-dritt nazzjonali
Facilitation of unauthorised entry carried out for a humanitarian purpose: Advocate General Richard de la Tour finds Directive 2002/90 valid and clarifies the conditions for the criminalisation of that offence in EU law and national law Nru 188/2024
: 7 ta' Novembru 2024
Spazju ta’ libertà, sigurtà u ġustizzja
Compensation to victims of violent intentional crime: the automatic exclusion of certain family members of the victim of homicide does not guarantee ‘fair and appropriate’ compensation
Nru 187/2024
: 6 ta' Novembru 2024
Għajnuna mill-Istat
State aid: the General Court dismisses an action brought by Wizz Air in respect of aid granted by Romania to national airline TAROM in order to provide compensation for the damage suffered owing to the COVID-19 pandemic
Nru 186/2024
: 6 ta' Novembru 2024
Kompetizzjoni
The banks Crédit agricole and Credit Suisse participated in a cartel in the sector for suprasovereign bonds, sovereign bonds and public agency bonds denominated in US dollars (‘SSA Bonds’)
Nru 185/2024
: 24 ta' Ottubru 2024
Kompetizzjoni
The Court of Justice upholds the annulment by the General Court of the Commission’s decision finding an abuse of a dominant position on the part of Intel and imposing a fine of €1.06 billion on Intel
Nru 184/2024
: 24 ta' Ottubru 2024
Prinċipji tad-Dritt Komunitarju
Intellectual property: Member States are required to protect works of art in the European Union, irrespective of the country of origin of those works or the nationality of their author
Nru 183/2024
: 22 ta' Ottubru 2024
Libertà ta’ stabbiliment
L-operaturi ekonomiċi ta’ pajjiż terz li ma jkunx ikkonkluda ftehim internazzjonali mal-Unjoni fil-qasam tal-kuntratti pubbliċi ma jistgħux jinvokaw l-ugwaljanza fit-trattament f’dan il-qasam
Nru 182/2024
: 17 ta' Ottubru 2024
Approssimazzjoni tal-leġiżlazzjonijiet
Early repayment of a mortgage loan: the consumer can recover part of the commission linked to the granting of credit if he or she has not been informed that this commission is not dependent of the duration of the contract Nru 181/2024
: 17 ta' Ottubru 2024
Proprjetà intellettwali u industrijali
The Directive on the legal protection of computer programs does not allow the holder of that protection to prohibit the marketing by a third party of software which merely changes variables transferred temporarily to a game console’s RAM
Nru 180/2024
: 10 ta' Ottubru 2024
Nru 179/2024
: 10 ta' Ottubru 2024
Trasferiment parzjali tal-kompetenza preliminari tal-Qorti tal-Ġustizzja lill-Qorti Ġenerali: ħolqien fi ħdan il-Qorti Ġenerali ta’ awla speċjalizzata sabiex tisma’ talbiet għal deċiżjoni preliminari u elezzjoni ta’ Avukati Ġenerali
Nru 178/2024
: 8 ta' Ottubru 2024
Nru 177/2024
: 8 ta' Ottubru 2024
Nru 176/2024
: 8 ta' Ottubru 2024
Nru 175/2024
: 8 ta' Ottubru 2024
Nru 174/2024
: 7 ta' Ottubru 2024
Tibdil parzjali fi ħdan il-Qorti tal-Ġustizzja u dħul fil-kariga ta’ Membri ġodda tal-Qorti Ġenerali
Nru 173/2024
: 4 ta' Ottubru 2024
Trasport
Il-Qorti tal-Ġustizzja tikkonferma l-validità tal-parti l-kbira tal-Pakkett dwar il-mobbiltà Nru 172/2024
: 4 ta' Ottubru 2024
Moviment liberu tal-persuni
Football: uħud mir-regoli tal-FIFA dwar it-trasferimenti internazzjonali tal-plejers professjonali jmorru kontra d-dritt tal-Unjoni Nru 171/2024
: 4 ta' Ottubru 2024
L-aċċess tal-pulizija għad-data li tinsab f’telefon ċellulari ma huwiex neċessarjament limitat għall-ġlieda kontra l-kriminalità serja
Nru 170/2024
: 4 ta' Ottubru 2024
Relazzjonijiet esterni
Western Sahara: the 2019 EU-Morocco trade agreements regarding fisheries and agricultural products, to which the people of Western Sahara did not consent, were concluded in breach of the principles of self-determination and the relative effect of treaties
Nru 169/2024
: 4 ta' Ottubru 2024
Approssimazzjoni tal-leġiżlazzjonijiet
Consumer information: the labelling of melons and tomatoes harvested in Western Sahara must refer to that territory, and not Morocco, as the country of origin
Nru 168/2024
: 4 ta' Ottubru 2024
Prinċipji tad-Dritt Komunitarju
Food labelling: where no legal name has been adopted, a Member State may not prohibit the use of terms traditionally associated with products of animal origin to designate a product containing vegetable proteins Nru 167/2024
: 4 ta' Ottubru 2024
Spazju ta’ libertà, sigurtà u ġustizzja
Discriminatory measures adopted in respect of women by the Taliban regime constitute acts of persecution
Nru 166/2024
: 4 ta' Ottubru 2024
Prinċipji tad-Dritt Komunitarju
An online social network such as Facebook cannot use all of the personal data obtained for the purposes of targeted advertising, without restriction as to time and without distinction as to type of data
Nru 165/2024
: 4 ta' Ottubru 2024
Ċittadinanza Ewropea
AĠ Collins: Il-Kummissjoni naqset milli tipprova li r-regoli tal-Unjoni Ewropea dwar iċ-ċittadinanza (Artikolu 20 TFUE) jeħtieġu li għandha tkun teżisti "rabta ġenwina" jew "rabta ġenwina minn qabel" bejn Stat Membru u individwu sabiex jagħti ċ-ċittadinanza
Nru 164/2024
: 4 ta' Ottubru 2024
Sentenza tal-Qorti tal-Ġustizzja fil-Kawża C-633/22
Real Madrid Club de Fútbol
Spazju ta’ libertà, sigurtà u ġustizzja
Nru 163/2024
: 4 ta' Ottubru 2024
Ambjent u Konsumaturi
According to Advocate General Rantos, a contractual term requiring a young sportsman to transfer part of his income if he becomes a professional athlete may potentially be unfair, provided that it is shown that that term creates a significant imbalance in the rights and obligations arising under the contract
Nru 162/2024
: 4 ta' Ottubru 2024
Spazju ta’ libertà, sigurtà u ġustizzja
Politika tal-ażil: l-indikazzjoni ta’ pajjiż terz bħala pajjiż tal-oriġini sigur għandha testendi għat-territorju kollu tiegħu
Nru 161/2024
: 4 ta' Ottubru 2024
Libertà ta’ stabbiliment
Combatting tax fraud: national legislation which limits the deduction of interest paid in respect of an intra-group loan is compatible with EU law
Nru 160/2024
: 4 ta' Ottubru 2024
Agrikoltura
L-ittikkettjar tal-prodotti organiċi: prodott tal-ikel importat minn pajjiż terz jista’ jkollu l-logo ta’ produzzjoni organika tal-Unjoni biss jekk josserva r-rekwiżiti kollha tad-dritt tal-Unjoni Nru 159/2024
: 4 ta' Ottubru 2024
Prinċipji tad-Dritt Komunitarju
GDPR: l-Istati Membri jistgħu jipprevedu l-possibbiltà għall-kompetituri tal-allegat awtur ta’ preġudizzju għall-protezzjoni tad-data personali li jikkontestawh quddiem qorti bħala prattika kummerċjali żleali pprojbita Nru 158/2024
: 4 ta' Ottubru 2024
Ċittadinanza Ewropea
Ir-rifjut ta’ Stat Membru li jirrikonoxxi l-bidliet fl-isem u fl-identità tal-ġeneru li jkunu nkisbu legalment fi Stat Membru ieħor imur kontra d-drittijiet taċ-ċittadini tal-Unjoni
Nru 157/2024
: 4 ta' Ottubru 2024
Kompetizzjoni
Competition: the Court of Justice rules on the cartel on the Italian market for concrete reinforcing bars
Nru 156/2024
: 4 ta' Ottubru 2024
Kompetizzjoni
Competition: the Court upholds the decision of the European Commission prohibiting the proposed merger between thyssenkrupp and Tata Steel
Nru 155/2024
: 2 ta' Ottubru 2024
Relazzjonijiet esterni
Miżuri restrittivi b’reazzjoni għall-gwerra fl-Ukraina: il-projbizzjoni fuq l-għoti ta’ servizzi ta’ konsulenza legali lill-Gvern Russu u lill-entitajiet stabbiliti fir-Russja hija valida
Nru 154/2024
: 1 ta' Ottubru 2024
Jidħlu fis-seħħ ir-regoli dwar it-trasferiment parzjali tal-kompetenza preliminari tal-Qorti tal-Ġustizzja lill-Qorti Ġenerali
Nru 153/2024
: 26 ta' Settembru 2024
Visit to the Court of Justice of the European Union by a delegation from the Supreme Court of the United States of America as part of the ‘Luxembourg Forum’.
Nru 152/2024
: 26 ta' Settembru 2024
Ambjent u Konsumaturi
A price reduction announced in an advertisement must be calculated on the basis of the lowest price in the last 30 days
Nru 151/2024
: 26 ta' Settembru 2024
Dritt istituzzjonali
The Court of Justice definitively dismisses the action brought by Mr Puigdemont and Mr Comín against the refusal of the President of the European Parliament to recognise their status as Members of the European Parliament in June 2019
Nru 150/2024
: 26 ta' Settembru 2024
Right to an effective remedy: a national court is not required to apply a decision of its constitutional court that infringes EU law
Nru 149/2024
: 26 ta' Settembru 2024
Prinċipji tad-Dritt Komunitarju
Personal data protection: the supervisory authority is not obliged to exercise a corrective power in all cases of breach and, in particular, to impose a fine
Nru 148/2024
: 25 ta' Settembru 2024
Enerġija
Electricity transmission: the General Court clarifies the scope of compulsory regional coordination with regard to the operational security of electricity transmission systems
Nru 147/2024
: 25 ta' Settembru 2024
Enerġija
Electricity transmission: the General Court annuls the decision of the Board of Appeal of ACER in so far as ACER could not derogate from the applicable legal framework when adopting the methodology for cost sharing of redispatching and countertrading for the Core region
Nru 146/2024
: 19 ta' Settembru 2024
Politika ekonomika
Prudential supervision of credit institutions: the Court annuls the 2016 ECB decision refusing the acquisition of a qualifying holding in Banca Mediolanum by Silvio Berlusconi
Nru 145/2024
: 19 ta' Settembru 2024
Kompetizzjoni
Online accommodation reservation platforms: price parity clauses cannot, in principle, be classified as ‘ancillary restraints’ for the purposes of EU competition law
Nru 144/2024
: 19 ta' Settembru 2024
Għajnuna mill-Istat
The Court annuls the Commission decision finding certain United Kingdom rules on the taxation of controlled foreign companies (CFCs) to be State Aid incompatible with the internal market and sets aside the judgment of the General Court confirming that decision
Nru 143/2024
: 18 ta' Settembru 2024
Kompetizzjoni
Google AdSense: The General Court annuls the Commission’s decision Nru 142/2024
: 18 ta' Settembru 2024
Kompetizzjoni
Abuse of a dominant position: the General Court largely upholds the fine imposed on Qualcomm
Nru 141/2024
: 12 ta' Settembru 2024
Agrikoltura
Markets for agricultural products: Hungarian legislation requiring traders to offer for sale certain agricultural products at a fixed price and in predetermined quantities is contrary to EU law Nru 140/2024
: 11 ta' Settembru 2024
Relazzjonijiet esterni
Sanzjonijiet ekonomiċi kontra r-Russja: il-Kunsill għandu l-kompetenza sabiex jistabbilixxi obbligi ta’ dikjarazzjoni u ta’ kooperazzjoni sabiex tiġi ggarantita l-effettività tal-miżuri ta’ ffriżar ta’ fondi
Nru 139/2024
: 11 ta' Settembru 2024
Nru 138/2024
: 11 ta' Settembru 2024
Dritt istituzzjonali
The General Court of the European Union rules for the first time on the financial consequences of alleged irregularities with regard to a former Member of the European Court of Auditors Nru 137/2024
: 11 ta' Settembru 2024
Relazzjonijiet esterni
Gwerra flUkraina: ilQorti Ġenerali tikkonferma l-miżuri restrittivi adottati kontra l-impriża finanzjarja Russa NSD
Nru 136/2024
: 10 ta' Settembru 2024
Relazzjonijiet esterni
Miżuri restrittivi kontra r-Russja: il-konfiska tar-rikavat kollu minn tranżazzjoni koperta mill-projbizzjoni li jiġu pprovduti servizzi ta’ senserija għal tagħmir militari hija permessa Nru 135/2024
: 10 ta' Settembru 2024
Kompetizzjoni
Il-Qorti tal-Ġustizzja tikkonferma l-multa ta’ 2.4 biljun euro imposta fuq Google minħabba li abbużat mill-pożizzjoni dominanti tagħha billi ffavorixxiet is-servizz tagħha stess ta’ tqabbil tax-xiri
Nru 134/2024
: 10 ta' Settembru 2024
Relazzjonijiet esterni
Politika estera u ta’ sigurtà komuni (PESK): il-Qorti tal-Ġustizzja tippreċiża l-portata tal-ġurisdizzjoni tal-qrati tal-Unjoni
Nru 133/2024
: 10 ta' Settembru 2024
Għajnuna mill-Istat
Deċiżjonijiet tat-taxxa bil-quddiem: il-Qorti tal-Ġustizzja tannulla s-sentenza tal-Qorti Ġenerali dwar id-deċiżjonijiet tat-taxxa adottati mill-Irlanda favur Apple
Nru 132/2024
: 5 ta' Settembru 2024
Kompetizzjoni
AG Medina: Google’s refusal to provide third-party access to Android Auto platform may be in breach of competition rules
Nru 131/2024
: 5 ta' Settembru 2024
A failure to publish reorganisation measures in respect of a credit institution does not lead to those measures being invalid or their effects being unenforceable in another Member State
Nru 130/2024
: 5 ta' Settembru 2024
Spazju ta’ libertà, sigurtà u ġustizzja
Fair trial: minors subject to criminal proceedings must have the practical and effective opportunity to be assisted by a lawyer
Nru 129/2024
: 5 ta' Settembru 2024
Relazzjonijiet esterni
A notary does not breach the sanctions against Russia when he or she authenticates the sale of a property owned by an unlisted Russian company
Nru 128/2024
: 4 ta' Settembru 2024
Indirect management of the EU budget: according to the General Court, the Commission’s decision refusing to recognise IMG as having status as an international organisation is lawful
Nru 127/2024
: 3 ta' Settembru 2024
Kompetizzjoni
Illumina-Grail merger: the Court of Justice sets aside the judgment of the General Court and annuls the decisions by which the Commission accepted requests from national competition authorities seeking the examination of the proposed concentration
Nru 126/2024
: 30 ta' Awwissu 2024
Emendi importanti tar-Regoli tal-Proċedura tal-Qorti tal-Ġustizzja u tal-Qorti Ġenerali jidħlu fis-seħħ fl1 ta’ Settembru
Nru 125/2024
: 12 ta' Awwissu 2024
Jurisdiction to hear and determine questions referred for a preliminary ruling is conferred on the General Court of the European Union in six specific areas
Nru 124/2024
: 29 ta' Lulju 2024
Spazju ta’ libertà, sigurtà u ġustizzja
Authorisation to reside on the territory of a Member State for the purposes of studies: a Member State may reject an abusive application for authorisation, even if it has not correctly transposed the directive that provides for that option
Nru 123/2024
: 29 ta' Lulju 2024
Kompetizzjoni
The exchange of information over a period of more than ten years between 14 credit institutions in Portugal could constitute a restriction of competition by object
Nru 122/2024
: 29 ta' Lulju 2024
Għajnuna mill-Istat
COVID-19: the Court of Justice confirms the lawfulness of the subordinated loan of €150 million granted by Austria to Austrian Airlines in the summer of 2020
Nru 121/2024
: 29 ta' Lulju 2024
Spazju ta’ libertà, sigurtà u ġustizzja
A consumer having booked a trip abroad may sue the organiser before the court of the place of his or her domicile
Nru 120/2024
: 29 ta' Lulju 2024
Approssimazzjoni tal-leġiżlazzjonijiet
Covid-19: the security against a package travel organiser’s insolvency also applies where the traveller has cancelled the trip, prior to the insolvency, due to unavoidable and extraordinary circumstances
Nru 119/2024
: 29 ta' Lulju 2024
Tassazzjoni
Combating aggressive tax planning: the Court upholds the validity of various provisions of the EU directive
Nru 118/2024
: 29 ta' Lulju 2024
Ambjent u Konsumaturi
The wolf cannot be designated as a huntable species at regional level when its conservation status at national level is unfavourable
Nru 117/2024
: 29 ta' Lulju 2024
Mandati ta’ arrest maħruġa mir-Renju Unit: il-Qorti tal-Ġustizzja tiċċara lkundizzjonijiet li taħthom dawn jistgħu jiġu eżegwiti fl-Unjoni Ewropea
Nru 116/2024
: 29 ta' Lulju 2024
Dritt istituzzjonali
Ħatra tal-imħallfin tal-Unjoni: Stat Membru jista’ jipproponi, minn fost il-kandidati inklużi f’lista mfassla minn grupp nazzjonali ta’ esperti indipendenti, kandidat differenti minn dak li jkun l-aħjar ikklassifikat f’din il-lista, sakemm il-kandidat propost jissodisfa r-rekwiżiti tat-Trattati
Nru 115/2024
: 29 ta' Lulju 2024
Spazju ta’ libertà, sigurtà u ġustizzja
Assistenza soċjali: l-aċċess għal miżura ta’ sigurtà soċjali, assistenza soċjali jew protezzjoni soċjali ta’ ċittadini ta’ pajjiżi terzi li jkunu ilhom residenti ma jistax ikun suġġett għall-kundizzjoni li huma jkunu għexu mill-inqas għaxar snin fi Stat Membru
Nru 114/2024
: 17 ta' Lulju 2024
Approssimazzjoni tal-leġiżlazzjonijiet
Digital Markets Act: The General Court dismisses the action brought by Bytedance (TikTok) against the decision of the Commission designating it as a gatekeeper
Nru 113/2024
: 17 ta' Lulju 2024
Dritt istituzzjonali
The Commission did not give the public sufficiently wide access to the purchase agreements for Covid-19 vaccines Nru 112/2024
: 11 ta' Lulju 2024
Approssimazzjoni tal-leġiżlazzjonijiet
The collective redundancies directive also applies in the event of the employer’s retirement
Nru 111/2024
: 11 ta' Lulju 2024
Ambjent u Konsumaturi
The prohibition of hunting wolves in Austria is valid
Nru 110/2024
: 11 ta' Lulju 2024
Dritt istituzzjonali
L-Istat tad-Dritt: il-kulleġġ ġudikanti responsabbli għal kawża għandu jagħti deċiżjoni dwar l-eżitu tagħha waħdu
Nru 109/2024
: 4 ta' Lulju 2024
Approssimazzjoni tal-leġiżlazzjonijiet
Mortgage loans: the transparency of ‘floor’ clauses may be reviewed in the context of a collective action concerning the entire banking system of a country
Nru 108/2024
: 27 ta' Ġunju 2024
A pregnant worker must be afforded a reasonable time limit in order to be able to bring an action against her dismissal
Nru 107/2024
: 27 ta' Ġunju 2024
Kompetizzjoni
The Court of Justice rules on the existence of agreements, decisions and concerted practices and of abuse of a dominant position on the perindopril market
Nru 106/2024
: 25 ta' Ġunju 2024
Ambjent u Konsumaturi
L-operat tal-impjant tal-azzar Ilva għandu jiġi sospiż jekk dan jippreżenta perikoli gravi u sinjifikattivi għall-ambjent u għas-saħħa tal-bniedem Nru 105/2024
: 21 ta' Ġunju 2024
Nru 104/2024
: 20 ta' Ġunju 2024
Posted Ukrainian workers: the Member State in which the works are carried out may impose an obligation to obtain a residence permit
Nru 103/2024
: 20 ta' Ġunju 2024
Approssimazzjoni tal-leġiżlazzjonijiet
Advertising for biocidal products: EU law prohibits use of the indication ‘skin friendly’
Nru 102/2024
: 18 ta' Ġunju 2024
Spazju ta’ libertà, sigurtà u ġustizzja
Status ta’ refuġjat: Stat Membru ma huwiex marbut li jirrikonoxxi awtomatikament l-istatus ta’ refuġjat mogħti fi Stat Membru ieħor
Nru 101/2024
: 18 ta' Ġunju 2024
Spazju ta’ libertà, sigurtà u ġustizzja
L-għoti tal-istatus ta’ refuġjat fi Stat Membru tipprekludi l-estradizzjoni tal-parti kkonċernata lejn il-pajjiż ta’ oriġini tagħha
Nru 100/2024
: 13 ta' Ġunju 2024
Spazju ta’ libertà, sigurtà u ġustizzja
Stateless persons of Palestinian origin registered with UNRWA should, in principle, be granted refugee status if UNRWA’s protection or assistance is considered to have ceased
Nru 99/2024
: 13 ta' Ġunju 2024
Dritt istituzzjonali
Asylum policy: Hungary is ordered to pay a lump sum of 200 million euros and a penalty payment of 1 million euros per day of delay for failure to comply with a judgment of the Court of Justice Nru 98/2024
: 12 ta' Ġunju 2024
Proprjetà intellettwali u industrijali
Trade mark law: the action brought by Société du Tour de France against registration of the trade mark Tour de X is dismissed
Nru 97/2024
: 11 ta' Ġunju 2024
Il-Kummissjoni għandha tħallas l-interessi fuq il-multi li hija timponi indebitament fil-qasam tal-kompetizzjoni u li hija tkun irċeviet l-ammonti tagħhom b’mod provviżorju
Nru 96/2024
: 11 ta' Ġunju 2024
Spazju ta’ libertà, sigurtà u ġustizzja
Protezzjoni internazzjonali: l-istatus ta’ refuġjat jista’ jingħata lin-nisa li jidentifikaw ruħhom mal-valur ta’ ugwaljanza bejn in-nisa u l-irġiel Nru 95/2024
: 6 ta' Ġunju 2024
Approssimazzjoni tal-leġiżlazzjonijiet
Public procurement: a tenderer who has been unlawfully excluded from a procurement procedure may claim damages for loss of opportunity
Nru 94/2024
: 6 ta' Ġunju 2024
Għajnuna mill-Istat
COVID-19: the Court upholds the Commission’s decision authorising the solvency support fund for strategic Spanish undertakings
Nru 93/2024
: 5 ta' Ġunju 2024
Dritt istituzzjonali
Non-contractual liability on the part of the European Union: the General Court of the European Union dismisses the action for damages brought by Malacalza Investimenti and Mr Vittorio Malacalza against the ECB
Nru 92/2024
: 5 ta' Ġunju 2024
Proprjetà intellettwali u industrijali
McDonald’s loses the EU trade mark Big Mac in respect of poultry products
Nru 91/2024
: 4 ta' Ġunju 2024
Koeżjoni Ekonomika u Soċjali
Rule of law: the actions brought by organisations of European judges against the Council decision approving the recovery and resilience plan for Poland are dismissed as inadmissible
Nru 90/2024
: 30 ta' Mejju 2024
Approssimazzjoni tal-leġiżlazzjonijiet
Online orders: the order button, or a similar function, must clearly indicate that, by clicking on it, the consumer assumes an obligation to pay
Nru 89/2024
: 30 ta' Mejju 2024
E-commerce: a Member State may not impose additional obligations on an online service provider established in another Member State
Nru 88/2024
: 29 ta' Mejju 2024
Politika ekonomika
The General Court of the European Union finds that the calculation of the 2022 ex-ante contributions to the Single Resolution Fund (SRF) is unlawful
Nru 87/2024
: 29 ta' Mejju 2024
Dritt istituzzjonali
The General Court maintains Poland's obligation to pay the daily penalty imposed in the case concerning the Turów mine
Nru 86/2024
: 16 ta' Mejju 2024
Trasport
Rights of air passengers: the shortage of airport staff for loading baggage which caused a long delay of a flight may constitute an "exceptional circumstance"
Nru 85/2024
: 16 ta' Mejju 2024
Moviment liberu tal-persuni
Equal treatment: frontier workers must enjoy the same social advantages as resident workers
Nru 84/2024
: 8 ta' Mejju 2024
Prinċipji tad-Dritt Komunitarju
Rule of Law: EU law does not require that professional associations of judges are granted the right to challenge decisions relating to the appointment of prosecutors
Nru 83/2024
: 8 ta' Mejju 2024
Għajnuna mill-Istat
The General Court of the European Union annuls the decision of the Commission to approve restructuring aid for charter airline Condor
Nru 82/2024
: 8 ta' Mejju 2024
Dritt istituzzjonali
Transparency: the European Parliament must give access, in the interests of public scrutiny, to information relating to a Member of the European Parliament who has been convicted in a court of law
Nru 81/2024
: 7 ta' Mejju 2024
Ċittadinanza Ewropea
According to Advocate General Richard de la Tour, a Member State’s refusal to recognise changes of forename and gender acquired in another Member State is contrary to the rights of EU citizens
Nru 80/2024
: 7 ta' Mejju 2024
Prinċipji tad-Dritt Komunitarju
Il-Kummissjoni tal-Arbitraġġ Awstrijaka kompetenti fil-qasam tal-ġlieda kontra d-doping ma għandhiex is-setgħa li tressaq talbiet lill-Qorti tal-Ġustizzja
Nru 79/2024
: 30 ta' April 2024
Nru 78/2024
: 30 ta' April 2024
Spazju ta’ libertà, sigurtà u ġustizzja
L-Avukat Ġenerali Szpunar: Uħud mir-regoli tal-FIFA dwar it-trasferiment tal-plejers jistgħu jirriżultaw li huma kontra d-dritt tal-Unjoni
Nru 77/2024
: 30 ta' April 2024
Spazju ta’ libertà, sigurtà u ġustizzja
EncroChat: il-Qorti tal-Ġustizzja ċċarat il-kundizzjonijiet għat-trażmissjoni u għall-użu ta’ provi f’każijiet kriminali b’dimensjoni transkonfinali Nru 76/2024
: 30 ta' April 2024
Approssimazzjoni tal-leġiżlazzjonijiet
Privatezza u prosekuzzjoni ta’ reati serji: il-Qorti responsabbli għall-awtorizzazzjoni tal-aċċess għar-reġistri telefoniċi sabiex jiġu identifikati l-awturi ta’ reat, li fil-prosekuzzjoni tiegħu l-liġi nazzjonali tipprevedi tali aċċess, għandha tkun awtorizzata tirrifjuta jew tirrestrinġi dan l-aċċess
Nru 75/2024
: 30 ta' April 2024
Approssimazzjoni tal-leġiżlazzjonijiet
Ġlieda kontra r-reati kriminali u ndħil fid-drittijiet fundamentali: awtorità pubblika nazzjonali inkarigata mill-ġlieda kontra l-kontrafazzjonijiet imwettqa online tista’ tingħata aċċess għal data ta’ identifikazzjoni fuq il-bażi ta’ indirizz IP
Nru 74/2024
: 25 ta' April 2024
Prinċipji tad-Dritt Komunitarju
AG Rantos: Privacy: a public statement by the user of a social network about his or her sexual orientation renders those data ‘manifestly public’, without, however, permitting their processing for the purposes of personalised advertising
Nru 73/2024
: 25 ta' April 2024
Ċittadinanza Ewropea
EU law does not, in principle, preclude the automatic loss of German nationality in the event of recovery of Turkish nationality
Nru 72/2024
: 25 ta' April 2024
Spazju ta’ libertà, sigurtà u ġustizzja
Citizenship of the European Union: the withdrawal, on the basis of classified information, of the residence permit of a third-country national bringing up a child who is a Union citizen must be subject to an effective remedy
Nru 71/2024
: 24 ta' April 2024
Proprjetà intellettwali u industrijali
EU trade marks: the General Court confirms that the reputation of a trade mark is acquired and, in general, lost progressively
Nru 70/2024
: 24 ta' April 2024
Dritt istituzzjonali
Il-Qorti Ġenerali tannulla parzjalment id-deċiżjoni ta’ Frontex li tirrifjuta talba għal aċċess għad-dokumenti min-naħa ta’ Sea-Watch
Nru 69/2024
: 18 ta' April 2024
Kompetizzjoni
Ksur tad-dritt tal-kompetizzjoni tal-Unjoni: is-sistema ta’ preskrizzjoni Ċeka preċedenti hija inkompatibbli mad-dritt tal-Unjoni
Nru 68/2024
: 17 ta' April 2024
Udjenza solenni ta’ eloġju funebri għall-memorja ta’ John L. Murray, Philippe Léger u Waltraud Hakenberg
Nru 67/2024
: 17 ta' April 2024
Proprjetà intellettwali u industrijali
The name Pablo Escobar may not be registered as an EU trade mark
Nru 66/2024
: 11 ta' April 2024
The final of the "European Law Moot Court" competition will take place tomorrow at the Court of Justice of the European Union in Luxembourg
Nru 65/2024
: 11 ta' April 2024
Dritt istituzzjonali
Advocate General Szpunar: the refusal by the former President of the European Parliament to recognise the status of Carles Puigdemont and Antoni Comín as Members of the European Parliament in June 2019 must be annulled
Nru 64/2024
: 11 ta' April 2024
Għajnuna mill-Istat
Advocate General Medina: The Court of Justice should annul the Commission decision finding that the United Kingdom granted illegal tax rulings (tax advantages to certain multinational groups) between 2013 and 2018
Nru 63/2024
: 11 ta' April 2024
Prinċipji tad-Dritt Komunitarju
Protection of personal data: according to Advocate General Pikamäe, the supervisory authority has an obligation to act when it finds a breach in the course of investigating a complaint
Nru 62/2024
: 10 ta' April 2024
Politika ekonomika
The calculation of the 2022 ex ante contributions to the Single Resolution Fund (SRF) is unlawful
Nru 61/2024
: 10 ta' April 2024
Relazzjonijiet esterni
War in Ukraine: the General Court annuls the inclusion of Petr Aven and Mikhail Fridman on the lists of persons subject to restrictive measures between February 2022 and March 2023
Nru 60/2024
: 27 ta' Marzu 2024
Approssimazzjoni tal-leġiżlazzjonijiet
Online advertising: Amazon’s request to suspend its obligation to make an advertisement repository publicly available is rejected
Nru 59/2024
: 22 ta' Marzu 2024
Statistika ġudizzjarja tal-2023: konferma tan-natura strutturali taż-żieda fin-numru tal-kawżi quddiem il-Qorti tal-Ġustizzja
Nru 58/2024
: 21 ta' Marzu 2024
Nru 57/2024
: 21 ta' Marzu 2024
Nru 56/2024
: 21 ta' Marzu 2024
Kompetizzjoni
Illumina-Grail Merger: AG Emiliou proposes to set aside the General Court judgment and annul Commission decisions on referral request
Nru 55/2024
: 21 ta' Marzu 2024
Approssimazzjoni tal-leġiżlazzjonijiet
Advocate General Ćapeta: melons and tomatoes from the territory of Western Sahara must bear a ‘country of origin’ label reflecting their origin in that territory
Nru 54/2024
: 21 ta' Marzu 2024
Relazzjonijiet esterni
Advocate General Ćapeta: the General Court erred in annulling the decision approving, on behalf of the European Union, a preferential tariff agreement with the Kingdom of Morocco relating to the territory of Western Sahara
Nru 53/2024
: 21 ta' Marzu 2024
Relazzjonijiet esterni
Advocate General Ćapeta: the Court of Justice should annul the Council decision concluding the Sustainable Fisheries Partnership Agreement with the Kingdom of Morocco
Nru 52/2024
: 21 ta' Marzu 2024
Kultura
Italian legislation under which independent companies established in another Member State are excluded from copyright management is incompatible with EU law
Nru 51/2024
: 21 ta' Marzu 2024
Trasport
Rights of airline passengers: the passenger is deemed to have accepted reimbursement of the cost of the ticket by travel voucher where, while filling in a form on the website of the air carrier, he or she has waived reimbursement of the cost of the ticket by a sum of money
Nru 50/2024
: 21 ta' Marzu 2024
Spazju ta’ libertà, sigurtà u ġustizzja
L-inklużjoni obbligatorja fil-karti tal-identità ta’ żewġ marki tas-swaba’ hija kompatibbli mad-drittijiet fundamentali għar-rispett tal-ħajja privata u għall-protezzjoni tad-data personali
Nru 49/2024
: 20 ta' Marzu 2024
Relazzjonijiet esterni
War in Ukraine: the General Court annuls the acts maintaining Mr Nikita Mazepin on the lists of persons subject to restrictive measures
Nru 48/2024
: 14 ta' Marzu 2024
Prinċipji tad-Dritt Komunitarju
Protection of personal data: the supervisory authority of a Member State may order the erasure of unlawfully processed data even in the absence of a prior request by the data subject
Nru 47/2024
: 14 ta' Marzu 2024
Ir-Renju Unit kiser id-dritt tal-Unjoni minħabba sentenza tal-Qorti Suprema tiegħu
Nru 46/2024
: 14 ta' Marzu 2024
Marketing authorisations for medicinal products: the European Medicines Agency (EMA) must ensure that the experts it consults do not have a conflict of interest
Nru 45/2024
: 7 ta' Marzu 2024
Libertà ta’ stabbiliment
AG Collins: only economic operators established in countries party to international agreements on public contracts that bind the EU may rely on provisions of the Public Procurement Directives
Nru 44/2024
: 7 ta' Marzu 2024
Auctioning of personal data for advertising purposes: the Court of Justice clarifies the rules under the GDPR
Nru 43/2024
: 6 ta' Marzu 2024
Proprjetà intellettwali u industrijali
The prior disclosure of a Puma shoe model by the artist Rihanna results in the invalidity of a registered Community design
Nru 42/2024
: 5 ta' Marzu 2024
Prinċipji tad-Dritt Komunitarju
Ipproċessar tad-data: Il-Europol u l-Istat Membru fejn seħħ dannu minħabba pproċessar illegali ta’ data li seħħ fil-kuntest ta’ kooperazzjoni bejniethom huma responsabbli in solidum
Nru 41/2024
: 5 ta' Marzu 2024
Dritt istituzzjonali
L-istandards tekniċi armonizzati Ewropej dwar is-sigurtà tal-ġugarelli għandhom ikunu aċċessibbli għaċ-ċittadini tal-Unjoni
Nru 40/2024
: 5 ta' Marzu 2024
Approssimazzjoni tal-leġiżlazzjonijiet
Projbizzjoni ta’ armi semiawtomatiċi: l-Istati Membri li jixtiequ jżommu awtorizzazzjonijiet antiki għal dawn l-armi jistgħu jipprevedu dan ukoll fir-rigward ta’ dawk l-armi kkonvertiti għall-isparar inbjank
Nru 39/2024
: 1 ta' Marzu 2024
Żjara fil-Qorti tal-Ġustizzja tal-Unjoni Ewropea tal-President tar-Repubblika Ċeka, Petr Pavel
Nru 38/2024
: 29 ta' Frar 2024
Spazju ta’ libertà, sigurtà u ġustizzja
An asylum application based on a religious conversion taking place subsequently to the departure from a person’s country of origin may not be rejected automatically as abuse
Nru 37/2024
: 29 ta' Frar 2024
Agrikoltura
Distance selling of medicinal products without a prescription: the Court clarifies the conditions under which a Member State may prohibit a service connecting pharmacists and customers for the online sale of medicinal products
Nru 36/2024
: 28 ta' Frar 2024
Għajnuna mill-Istat
State aid: the General Court dismisses the actions regarding the financing of the Fehmarn Belt fixed link project between Denmark and Germany
Nru 35/2024
: 22 ta' Frar 2024
Prinċipji tad-Dritt Komunitarju
According to Advocate General Priit Pikamäe, a database containing personal data may, under certain conditions, be sold in enforcement proceedings, even if the data subjects have not consented to the sale
Nru 34/2024
: 22 ta' Frar 2024
Dritt istituzzjonali
The decision to register partially the European Citizens’ Initiative (ECI) ‘Cohesion policy for the equality of the regions and sustainability of the regional cultures’ is upheld following the dismissal of Romania’s appeal
Nru 33/2024
: 22 ta' Frar 2024
Moviment liberu tal-persuni
Taking into account of child-raising periods completed in another Member State when calculating a pension for total incapacity for work
Nru 32/2024
: 22 ta' Frar 2024
Ċittadinanza Ewropea
Citizenship: the refusal by a Member State to issue to one of its nationals, in addition to a passport, an identity card serving as a travel document, on the sole ground that he or she is domiciled in another Member State, is contrary to EU law
Nru 31/2024
: 21 ta' Frar 2024
Agrikoltura
The General Court dismisses an action brought against registration of the name ‘Halloumi’ as a protected designation of origin
Nru 30/2024
: 21 ta' Frar 2024
Agrikoltura
Plant protection products: the identification of certain risks associated with the use of insecticides does not preclude the renewal of the approval of an active substance
Nru 29/2024
: 20 ta' Frar 2024
Ħaddiem impjegat għal żmien determinat għandu jiġi informat bir-raġunijiet għax-xoljiment bi preavviż tal-kuntratt ta’ xogħol tiegħu jekk din l-informazzjoni tkun prevista għal ħaddiem għal żmien indeterminat Nru 28/2024
: 9 ta' Frar 2024
Digital Markets Act: the application by Bytedance (TikTok) seeking suspension of the Commission decision designating it as a gatekeeper is dismissed
Nru 27/2024
: 8 ta' Frar 2024
Spazju ta’ libertà, sigurtà u ġustizzja
First Advocate General Szpunar: manifest breach of freedom of expression may constitute a ground for refusal of enforcement
Nru 26/2024
: 8 ta' Frar 2024
Spazju ta’ libertà, sigurtà u ġustizzja
Sentenza tal-Qorti tal-Ġustizzja tista’ tikkostitwixxi element ġdid li jiġġustifika eżami mill-ġdid fuq il-mertu tal-applikazzjoni għal ażil
Nru 25/2024
: 7 ta' Frar 2024
Għajnuna mill-Istat
State aid in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic: the General Court annuls the approval of State aid from the Netherlands amounting to €3.4 billion in favour of KLM
Nru 24/2024
: 1 ta' Frar 2024
Kompetizzjoni
Cartel on the truck market: the Court dismisses Scania’s appeal
Nru 23/2024
: 31 ta' Jannar 2024
Dritt istituzzjonali
Products made from oxo-degradable plastic: the General Court endorses the prohibition on the placing on the market
Nru 22/2024
: 30 ta' Jannar 2024
Tassazzjoni
VAT fraud: Employee using her employer’s details to issue fake invoices is liable for the amount of the taxes entered on them
Nru 21/2024
: 30 ta' Jannar 2024
Libertà ta’ stabbiliment
Hourly limit for television publicity spots: promotional announcements for radio programmes broadcast on television channels belonging to the same corporate group are not, in principle, announcements about those television channels’ own programmes
Nru 20/2024
: 30 ta' Jannar 2024
Spazju ta’ libertà, sigurtà u ġustizzja
Dritt għat-tħassir: il-ħżin ġenerali u mingħajr distinzjoni, sal-mewt tagħhom, tad-data bijometrika u ġenetika tal-persuni kkundannati kriminalment huwa kuntrarju għad-dritt tal-Unjoni
Nru 19/2024
: 30 ta' Jannar 2024
Spazju ta’ libertà, sigurtà u ġustizzja
Refuġjat minuri mhux akkumpanjat għandu d-dritt għar-riunifikazzjoni tal-familja mal-ġenituri tiegħu anki jekk isir maġġorenni waqt il-proċedura tar-riunifikazzjoni tal-familja
Nru 18/2024
: 25 ta' Jannar 2024
Spazju ta’ libertà, sigurtà u ġustizzja
Avukata Ġenerali Medina: L-Istati Membri ma humiex obbligati jirrikonoxxu l-istatus ta’ refuġjat mogħti fi Stat Membru ieħor
Nru 17/2024
: 25 ta' Jannar 2024
Proprjetà intellettwali u industrijali
European Union trade mark: a car manufacturer can prohibit the use of a sign identical or similar to the trade mark it owns for spare parts
Nru 16/2024
: 25 ta' Jannar 2024
Trasport
Passengers who did not present themselves for boarding for a flight which arrived with a long delay or who purchased a ticket for an alternative flight and arrived at the destination with a delay of less than three hours are not entitled to fixed compensation
Nru 15/2024
: 24 ta' Jannar 2024
Proprjetà intellettwali u industrijali
Intellectual property: the General Court of the European Union upholds the validity of the protection of the Lego toy brick
Nru 14/2024
: 24 ta' Jannar 2024
Proprjetà intellettwali u industrijali
The General Court confirms that the figurative sign NOAH may remain registered as an EU trade mark for ‘polo shirts’ and ‘sweaters’
Nru 13/2024
: 18 ta' Jannar 2024
Kompetizzjoni
Advocate General Medina: the Court should confirm that the Commission erred in applying the AEC test with respect to HP and Lenovo
Nru 12/2024
: 18 ta' Jannar 2024
Approssimazzjoni tal-leġiżlazzjonijiet
Advocate General Medina: the transparency of ‘floor clauses’ in mortgage loan contracts can be reviewed in the context of a collective action
Nru 11/2024
: 18 ta' Jannar 2024
Disaster involving flight MH17: the confidentiality of certain information concerning aviation safety is justified and proportionate
Nru 10/2024
: 18 ta' Jannar 2024
Moviment liberu tal-persuni
A worker who was not able to take all of his or her days of paid annual leave before resigning is entitled to an allowance in lieu of that leave
Nru 9/2024
: 16 ta' Jannar 2024
Dritt istituzzjonali
Lifting of parliamentary immunity: Eva Kaili’s action against the request of the European Chief Prosecutor and the decision of the President of the European Parliament is dismissed
Nru 8/2024
: 16 ta' Jannar 2024
Prinċipji tad-Dritt Komunitarju
Kumitat ta’ inkjesta parlamentari għandu, bħala prinċipju, josserva r-Regolament Ġenerali dwar il-Protezzjoni tad-Data
Nru 7/2024
: 16 ta' Jannar 2024
Spazju ta’ libertà, sigurtà u ġustizzja
Vjolenza kontra n-nisa: il-Qorti tal-Ġustizzja tippreċiża l-kundizzjonijiet għall-benefiċċju tal-protezzjoni internazzjonali
Nru 6/2024
: 11 ta' Jannar 2024
Konklużjonijiet tal-Avukat Ġenerali fil-Kawża C-563/22
Zamestnik-predsedatel na Darzhavna agentsia za bezhantsite
Spazju ta’ libertà, sigurtà u ġustizzja
Nru 5/2024
: 11 ta' Jannar 2024
Advocate General Szpunar: a Member State cannot impose general and abstract obligations on an online service provider operating on its territory but established in another Member State
Nru 4/2024
: 11 ta' Jannar 2024
Kompetizzjoni
Advocate General Kokott proposes that the Court of Justice confirm the fine of €2.4 billion imposed on Google for favouring its own comparison shopping service
Nru 3/2024
: 11 ta' Jannar 2024
Ċittadinanza Ewropea
Advocate General Richard de la Tour: by refusing to grant the right to become members of a political party to Union citizens who are not nationals of Poland or of the Czech Republic but who reside there, those Member States infringed EU electoral law
Nru 2/2024
: 11 ta' Jannar 2024
Għajnuna mill-Istat
The Court dismisses Wizz Air’s appeal concerning the rescue aid granted by Romania to TAROM
Nru 1/2024
: 11 ta' Jannar 2024
Dritt istituzzjonali
Energy labelling of vacuum cleaners: the Court of Justice definitively dismisses the action for compensation brought by Dyson
Il-komunikati huma dokumenti mhux uffiċjali għall-użu mill-meżżi tal-komunikazzjoni u ma jorbtux lill-Qorti tal-Ġustizzja
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